Pulses are periodic fluctuations in the volume of blood vessels that are associated with contractions of the heart and are due to the dynamism of their blood supply and pressure during the 1st cardiac cycle.
The arterial pulse is usually determined bypalpation of a large artery, radiation most often. It lies superficially in the lower quarter of the forearm immediately before their joint with the radiocarpal joints and can easily be pressed against the radius itself. Three fingers are put on the artery and squeeze it with varying force until the full blood flow stops; then gradually reduce the pressure on the artery, assessing the most basic properties of the pulse: height, filling, frequency, rhythm, voltage, and features of the pulse waves, which are better detected during graphic recordings of the pulse. Changes in these properties make it possible to identify various diseases.
People often have low heart rate.What to do, because it already refers to the hypotonic state? It can occur both in young and in old age. It can be physiological and can act as a pathological change. It is found in very strong and healthy people. This is due to hereditary predisposition, and also the constitutional features of the organism.
What to do with a low pulse, interests many.After all, it can appear during periods of acclimatization and adaptation of the organism: when moving somewhere high in the mountains, in countries with a heat climate, in northern latitudes. The sharp drop in pulse in such conditions is explained by the rather low oxygen content in the atmosphere, low or high air temperature, and other features.
Causes of low heart rate
The main causes of low pulse are pathological changes occurring in the heart, reflex bradycardia, overdose with medications.
Pathological changes are caused by seriousdiseases in the cardiac system - ischemic disease, arterial hypertension, acute heart attack, heart disease. If a low pulse, what to do, of course, should advise doctors. It is necessary nevertheless to carry out immediate complex treatment. Perhaps, hospitalization is necessary so that the situation is under the control of specialists.
Reflex bradycardia often occurs with mechanical effects on the chest and neck (falling, hitting), with a rather low temperature in the water, and also with pain syndromes.
Low blood pressure also causes very low heart rate.
What to do?
If you have a low pulse, what should you do?To restore normal heart rate, you need to take some drugs for a moderate increase in pressure, prescribed by a doctor. You can not assign yourself any funds.
Effectively help tonic drinks (coffee,energy cocktail, strong tea) containing caffeine. Usually they tone up the muscles of the heart and slightly increase blood pressure. You can also take guarana, ginseng. A mustard plaster, superimposed on the chest, helps if you have a low pulse. What to do with a high pulse, consider next.
Big pulse. What to do?
It is accepted to count it as a high pulse when the frequency is more than 90 in 1 minute. In medicine, it is designated by such a term as "tachycardia".
Causes of tachycardia:
- Endocrine diseases, pheochromocytoma, thyrotoxicosis.
- Vegetative disorders.
- Body intoxication, smoking, foxglove intoxication, alcohol abuse, infectious diseases, etc.
- Heart diseases.
- Congenital heart disease and WPW syndrome.
- Anemia is chronic and acute.
If you feel a pulse increase, andmeasuring it proved, you should immediately call an ambulance. Before her arrival, you can try to normalize tachycardia. Do, with eyes closed, massage the eyes with two fingers or, taking a deep breath, cover the mouth and nose with your hands, while trying to exhale. Take Valocordin or Corvalol (15-25 drops). If you can not see a doctor, take 40 mg of obzidan or 50 mg of atenolol.
