For the first time phrases and communication methodphrases begin to study in 4 classes, but in more detail they are considered only in the 5th. Most often, children are confused in the types of subordinate communication. In order to understand the types of phrases, it is necessary to consider each of them in detail and analyze the examples.
Ways to subordinate communication in the phrase
The phrase is called a compound of 2 ormore words. These words are related by meaning as well as grammatically. The peculiarity of all phrases is that they include the main and dependent words. Ways of communicating phrases is the most difficult topic for students in the 5th grade. However, it is very important to study it because it will be necessary for pupils throughout all subsequent study at school.
Total linguists and philologists distinguish 3 wayscommunications of the main and dependent words in phrases: coordination, adjunction, and control. The ways of subordinate communication in the phrase are easily and very often confused. In order to be able to determine to which type of subordinate connection a phrase belongs, it is necessary to understand them and examine in detail all the examples.
Type of communication approval
Method of communication coordination in the phraseoccurs quite often. Coordination is a type of connection in which the dependent word is consistent with the main one in case, number and gender. This means that both words are mutable, but with all this they are changing the same. The phrase with the type of agreement may consist of a noun, which usually plays the role of the main word, consistent with an adjective or ordinal number, participle, pronoun.
Examples of phrases with link matching
Considering ways to link phrases,it is necessary to present and analyze in detail all the examples in order to master the material well. All examples should be written off in a notebook, do a thorough analysis, work with a pencil. Only in this case the material will be well understood and firmly remembered. First of all, in order to understand in practice what coordination is, it is necessary to disassemble phrases with a connection. Examples:
- Noun + adjective:
Beautiful house (house what? Beautiful). “Home” is the main word, as the question “what?” Is asked of it. "Beautiful" is a dependent word in the phrase.
The frog is green (which frog is green). "Frog" is the main word, since it asks a question to the addict.
- Noun + ordinal number:
Fifth floor (floor what? The fifth). Both words are consistent in number, gender, and case. The dependent word is the ordinal number “fifth”, since the question from the main question is asked of it.
With the hundredth buyer (with the buyer how? For the hundredth). The main word is “buyer”, a question is asked of the ordinal numeral “hundredth”.
- Noun + participle:
Scattered things (things that? Scattered). The dependent word here will be the participle "scattered", since the question from the main question is asked of it.
Fallen foliage (foliage which? Fallen). The main word is "foliage" because a question is asked of it.
- Noun + pronoun:
With your mom (with mom whose? Yours).Both the dependent and, most importantly, the words are coordinated among themselves in gender, number and case. The main word will be a noun, because it asks a pronoun question.
Such a man (man what? Such). The main word will be "man", because it is from him that the question to the addict is asked.
- Pronoun + noun (participle or substantive adjective):
With someone fun (with someone what? Fun). The main word will be a pronoun, since it asks a question to the addict.
In something beautiful (something beautiful?). The main word is a pronoun, because the question to the dependent adjective is set from it.
- Noun (substantive adjective) + adjective:
White bathroom (what bathroom? White). The main word will be a substantive adjective, because it asks a question. The adjective "white" is dependent.
Tanned resting (resting what? Tanned). "Resting" will be the main word, since the question comes from him, and "tanned" - dependent.
Type of communication control
Ways of communicating phrases are knownThere are three types. Management is another way to communicate. Most often it is with him that there is confusion and problems for schoolchildren. In order for them not to exist, it is necessary to consider this type of communication in somewhat more detail.
The communication method in the phrase management isThis kind of subordinate connection, in which the dependent word is used in the case, which requires the main word (only indirect cases, that is, everything except the nominative). In management, children often have problems because it is difficult to distinguish management among other types. This type of communication should be given special attention and work on it more diligently. It is necessary to remember that all types of communication phrases require a lot of practice and memorization of the theory.
Examples of phrases with communication management
Consider examples of phrases based on communication management:
- In connection with the phrase "control", most often the main word is a verb, and the dependent word is a noun:
Watch a film (see what? Film).The main word is the verb "look." He asks the question "what?" to the noun "filmstrip". You can't say "watch a movie", because it will be a speech mistake. In this phrase the dependent word is used in the case, which requires the main thing from it.
I run in jeans (I run in what? In jeans). The verb "running" is the main word, and "in jeans" - dependent.
- Control phrases can consist of both an adjective and a pronoun:
I agree with him (I agree with whom? With him). From the short adjective "agree" the question is asked of the pronoun, which means that it is the main thing.
Confident in her (sure in whom? In her). The short adjective is the main word, and the pronoun to which the question is asked is dependent.
- Ways of connecting phrases can be implemented in such a way that the main word is an adjective, and a dependent noun.
Red from frost (red from what? From frost). The adjective "red" is the main one in this phrase, and the noun "frost" is dependent.
Angry at daughter (angry at whom? At daughter). The word "daughter" is addicted, because to him ask a question from an addict.
- Two nouns can also be part of the phrase:
The enemy is the people (the enemy is to whom? The people). The noun "enemy" is the main one, since it asks a question to the dependent "people".
A spoon of silver (a spoon of what? Of silver). The noun "spoon" is the main one, and the word "silver" is dependent.
- The numeral may be chief in the phrase, and the noun - dependent.
Three drops (three of what? Drops). "Three" is the main word, and "drop" is dependent.
Twelve months (twelve what? Months). The numeral is the main word, and the noun is dependent.
- The adverb is the main word in the phrase with the link management, and the noun - dependent:
To the left of the house (to the left of what? From the house).
Down the street (down what? Down the street).
- There are phrases where the main word is the participle, and the dependent word is the noun:
Watching them (watching whom? Behind them). The verbal adverb is the main word, because the question to the addict comes from it.
Referring to the article (referring to what? To the article). The noun in the dative case in this phrase is a dependent word, because it is asked to question from the verbal expression "addressing".
Type of connection abutment
Способ связи в словосочетании примыкание - это the final stage of studying types of communication phrases. In the word combination with a junction, both words, and the dependent, and the main thing, join each other only in their meaning. The main word is immutable.
Examples of phrases with a connection adjoining
In order to understand how the connection is carried out, it is necessary to analyze in detail all sorts of examples:
- Noun, verb, adjective + verb infinitive:
Ability to stay (opportunity to do?stay). It is known that the connection adjacency is carried out only in meaning. The noun "possibility" is the main word, whereas the infinitive of the verb "stay" is dependent, because a question is asked of it.
Other examples: the decision to meet, the desire to leave, the science of thinking, the desire to learn. In all phrases, the main word will be the noun, and the dependent word will be the infinitive.
Allowed to kiss (allowed what? Kiss). Both members of the phrase are verbs. The main word will be the verb “allowed”, and the dependent word will be the infinitive “kiss”.
Other examples: loves to walk, come to laugh, wants to come, decided to read. In all these examples, the dependent word is the infinitive, and the main verb.
Must leave (must do something? Leave). The main word is the short adjective "must", and the dependent, to which the question is asked, is the infinitive.
Other examples: turn right, glad to see, ready to answer. In all the examples given, the main word will be a short adjective, and the dependent word will be the infinitive.
- Noun + adverb:
Turn right (turn where? Right). The main word is the noun "turn", and the dependent adverb is "to the right."
Types of phrases for the main word
Having passed the methods of subordinate communication in phrases, they proceed to the study of the topic of types of phrases according to the main word. In total there are 3 groups of phrases for the main word.
Name Phrases
Name combinations are suchphrases in which the main word is a noun, pronoun, adjective or numeral. Examples of nominal phrases: pink elephant (the main word is a noun), five drops (the main word is a numeral), I am glad to try (the main word is a short adjective), she is good (the main word is a pronoun).
Verb Phrases
Verb phrases are suchphrases in which the main word, as a rule, is a verb. Examples of verb phrases: go far, tell a lie, go see, go happily (the main words in these phrases are verbs).
Adverbial Phrases
Adverbial phrases are suchphrases in which the main word is an adverb. Examples of adverbial phrases: always good, top secret, far from Russia (the main words in these phrases are adverbs).
The types of communication phrases are easy to remember, if you often practice, and also learn the necessary theory.
