As is known, in many respects precisely the historicalthe development of society determines the picture of the world. Often this can explain the differences in the ideology of thinkers. In this article we will consider the main historical types of philosophy.
Космоцентризм начал формироваться в эпоху Antiquity. At the heart of the picture of the world of this doctrine lies the cosmos, by which is meant the natural order and harmony. In this type of philosophy, two main directions can be distinguished. Ancient thinkers saw the cause of harmony in nature, in its processes (water, atoms, earth, air, and so on). This trend is called materialistic. The cause of harmony was also seen in spiritual processes (rational beginning, eidos, idea). This direction is called idealistic.
Consider the historical types of philosophy,formed in the Middle Ages. Theocentrism is the direction, the basis of which is the idea of God. This philosophical course was used to consecrate the existing order in feudal society, to pacify peasant uprisings. A distinctive feature of the doctrine is the veneration of holy texts, the priority of faith over knowledge, dogmas. It is worth noting that the historical types of philosophy were formed on the basis of the requirements of the time.
Anthropocentrism is a teaching that has put in itscenter of man. This philosophical trend arose in the Renaissance in response to the formation of capitalism. It bears in itself the goal of freeing man from the centuries-old repression of church dogma. It glorifies the beauty and unity of body and soul.
Consider the types of philosophy that originated inthe initial period of the New time. Knowledge of centrism is a doctrine that forms the basis of knowledge and the methods of its acquisition. Existing social order required new incentives for development. They have become a variety of science and technology. As a result, a teaching was born, the basic principle of which is that knowledge is power.
Этатоцентризм – это философское направление, placing in its center the state in the unity of law and politics. It was formed in order to finally consolidate the capitalist system. The main principle is that everything in the world is viewed through the prism of the state.
There are other types of philosophy born inNew Age. Logiccentrism is the study of the mind and the ways of its development, in particular, of logic. Philosophical direction arose in order to form a new picture of the world.
Sociocentrism is a doctrine whose foundationis a society understood as a product of human interaction. The basic principle is the fact that a person does not exist without society, which, in turn, is the result of the activities of individuals. The world, according to this direction, is viewed through the prism of public relations.
Cosmism is a teaching that places its centerpictures of the world of man as a planetary creature. The individual, according to this philosophical direction, is able to think globally, is aware of his high significance in community, has God-manhood.
Гуманизм – это учение, ставящее в свой центр a lonely person, opposed to society. This philosophical trend offers deliverance from the isolation of individuals and their loneliness through compassion. This teaching was formed as a result of material and spiritual self-sufficiency, which gave rise to alienation between people.
So, we have considered the main historical types.philosophy. As you can see, they were formed under the direct influence of the requirements of the new time. The life of people changed and was transformed, and, as a result, new teachings appeared that were adequate to a specific historical moment.
