Many students are interested in:What is participle and gerundance, what is the difference between participial and gerundive turnover? Exercises for finding isolated definitions and circumstances are presented in the article. It also gives information about the forms of the verb.
Verb and special verb forms
The verb is in the language the leading part of speech, which informs about the processes and actions taking place around. Together with the noun, he enters the grammatical basis of the sentence: The boy is swimming. The house is being built; and in the verbal single-composition sentences independently constitutes their predictive basis: I see! Look. It was late. To him call.
If you consider the proposals with the involved andgerund, it can be seen that they contain a few words that reflect the process - participles or gerunds. Both are verbal forms, while the sacrament is similar to the adjective, since it has the same declension paradigm and answers the questions of adjectives: what? What? and others, and the gerundive - with an adverb, as it is also an immutable part of speech and answers the main questions of adverbs: how? how?
The participles are formed from the stem of the verbs with the help of the suffixes -acum-, -nar-, -yas-, -sush-, -sh-, -sh-, -en-, -nn-, -t-: screaming, looking, carrying, empty, living, walking, certain, specified, sung. The gerunds - with the help of suffixes -a-, -y-, -yuchi, -uchi, -v, -shi-, -shiv-: shouting, singing, playing, going, watching, bringing, having met.
For example: The grass that had swamped the whole garden grew thickly, preventing the cultivation of crops. In this sentence there are four different verbal forms: has grown - the verb of the past tense, the feminine gender, grow up - the infinitive, overrun - participle, not giving - gerundive. It is possible to replace the participle with the adjective, and the vertebrate with the adverb: The green grass grew densely, and there was not much room for cultivation. The sentence retained the main meaning, butlost additional actions, which reflected the participial and gerunded turnover. Exercises from the table below will help you learn to find verb forms and distinguish them from each other.
Exercises for finding verb forms
| The task | Task text |
| From the text, write out the three sacraments | There was a thunder, accompanied by an awesome thunder andfiery lightning. Misha, as his grandfather taught, hid under a bush located in the lowland. Suddenly there was a strong roll of thunder, and then a sound like the hiss of a snake. This lightning hit the tree ten steps from the forester's house. |
| From the text, write out all the gerunds | Without looking up, Yasha looked at the dawn.Somehow at this time of the day he always wanted to, standing in the attic and looking into the distance, thinking about the eternal. He wondered why the birds fly so beautifully, he was concerned about the origin of the Sun, then he thought about distant countries, dreaming of traveling. |
Participatory turnover as a detached definition
Communicating is the design of the participle with a dependent word. So, the offer: The blooming garden was beautiful - without involvement in privatization, but a proposal: Blossoming in the country garden was beautiful - has a participial turn, since the communion has a dependent word: flowering (Where?) in the country.
The construction of participial turns can be different, but this syntactic unit is necessarily a participle with dependent words.
The participial turnover requires isolation, if it is after the main word: The mushrooms collected by the whole family lay now on the pew under the pine; if it depends on a personal pronoun: Dreaming of a trip to the Congo, he issued a visa - or has an additional conclusive or causal meaning: Tired of noisy visitors, Lena barely got home. 
Errors in the use of participial speed
Using a participial turn in speech, mistakes can be madeadmit both punctuation and grammar. Punctuation errors occur when the boundaries of the syntactical unit are incorrectly defined, with inattentive reading of the sentence with participial turnover and in the absence of theoretical knowledge about the conditions for its isolation.
Грамматические ошибки при употреблении причастных revolutions are connected first of all with the inappropriate use of participial turnover in the proposal and with improper coordination of the participle with the main word. For example: The northern basketball club came to his native city, successfully played in the championship. (Right choice: North Basketball Club, successfully played in the championship, came to his hometown).
Departure turnover as a separate circumstance
Subparty with dependent words is calledverbalization. The verbal adverbial and virulent circulation are always isolated. Their selection by commas does not depend on the location relative to the main word. For example: They arrived without warning. Galya, seeing a beautiful bouquet in his hands, immediately calmed down. Listening, Kolya took notes. Do not require isolation only those participations that are part of phraseological units: After sleeves, he worked the whole season. The child listened with bated breath - or went into adverbs: Tolya read slowly. He was angry not joking. 
Participial and Deprivate Turnover: Exercises
The table below shows a number of tasks for finding isolated members, expressed by participial or adverbial turnover.
| The task | Task text |
| From the text, write off isolated participle turnover. | Masha, going through the postcards presented to her, rememberedyour first holiday. It was her seventh birthday. Mom made buns and pies for Masha to treat her classmates. She was happy to organize a tea party for all the guys who met her at the threshold of the school with a huge basket of fruit. |
| Among the proposals, find the one in which there is a sacramental turn. |
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| From the text, write down the verbal adverb and the vernal circulation. | Jumping off a tall tree, Pasha ran to the pond. Here he met his friends. Having bathed, they began to tell each other the stories that had happened to them during that year. |
Participial and verbal participial (exercises fromthe tables confirm this) add the value of the additional action to the sentences. They, being isolated members, only accompany the main process concluded in the predicate.
Participial and verbal adrenaline: examples from the literature
Sentences with participial and adverbial circulation are often found in works of art. "The ocean that walked outside the walls was terrible," "Small said nothing, and knocking a large gadfly stuck to the horse with a whip, answered darkly" (I. A. Bunin). "From morning till morning there was a fine ... rain that turned clay roads and paths into solid thick mud ..." (A.I. Kuprin). "Covered with hoarfrost, they went into an unclear, illuminated distance ..." (V. G. Korolenko).
