Lyrics - this is one of the main literary births.In translation from the Greek language, this word denotes a musical instrument - the lyre. This is due to the fact that in the ancient world poets sang their poems to the sounds of lyres, and not read. They were also taken with this instrument.
To better understand what lyrics are, you needcompare it with two more kinds of literature: drama and epic. The epic, unlike it, tells about the life of a person, about the events taking place with him. Drama reflects life in the experiences and actions of the hero, that is, in the action shown in the work. The lyrics do not represent the thoughts, feelings and emotions of the hero, but only those that are caused by the concrete circumstances of life. It reveals his inner world and thereby allows the reader to imagine what circumstances caused the experiences that are described by the author.
Despite the brevity, short poeticall the features of the figurative, artistic representation of life are inherent in them: an element of fiction, generalization, individualization, educational value. It also helps to understand in more detail what lyrics are. The generalization of the poems is manifested in the desire to convey in the experiences of one lyrical hero experiences, common to many, typical. Individualization is manifested by the transfer of real, living feelings of a single person. The element of fiction is present in the transfer of the poet's experiences inherent in the historical period in which he lives, his era. The educational value of the poetic works is to depict experiences that reflect life in the light of the prevailing ideology.
So, fully understand whatlyrics, to assess its value helps the image of the lyrical hero in the work. As a rule, it appears in the reader’s perception after becoming acquainted not with one, but with a whole series of poems of one poet, and even better with all of his work.
Arguing about what lyrics are, it’s impossible notto mention its characteristic feature - the poetic form. This is a mandatory feature of any kind. Lyrical works, dressed in poetic form, perfectly convey all sorts of shades of human speech, its richness in feelings.
Types of lyrics are distinguished by the principle underlying their classification. Thus, according to the content of the poetic work, landscape, love, philosophical, and other lyrics are distinguished.
In addition, since ancient times, the following types of this literary genus are distinguished: folk song, elegy, madrigal, stanza, eclog, epigram, epitaph.
For example, madrigal.Initially, it was an idyllic content of the shepherd’s song, but gradually grew into a poem in which, in a joking tone, an exaggeratedly positive characteristic of the person to whom the author refers is given. Poets of the late 18th - early 19th century still composed madrigals, while retreating from the form adopted in the old days.
Such a kind of poetry as eclogue looks like a pastoral or an idyll. Most often, the poem was written in the form of small dialogues. Often it was put on the stage accompanied by suitable music and dance.
Elegies are poems full of sadness. They are found in the lyrics of Western Europe and Russia until the beginning of the 19th century. They were written by M. Yu. Lermontov, A. S. Pushkin, V. A. Zhukovsky.
Among the various types of satirical poetryThe epigram stands out. In a small poem contains evil mockery of some person. Although originally this word the ancient Greeks called the inscription on a pedestal, a statue, dishes and a temple. The writing of epigrams is also common among modern poets.
The same names these kinds of lyric poetry have in the literature of ancient Greece.
