Pushkin began to write poetry quite early, and notwith all his early works he was pleased. However Lyceum's Pushkin lyrics are of great interest to researchers, because it is at this time that the author's poetic manner is being formed.
Periodization of creativity
Creativity of A.S.Pushkin is very complex and multifaceted. In each of the periods of his life the writer turned to one or another topic, he treated the life phenomena differently. It is customary to classify Pushkin's work according to its location. For example, the lyceum period is considered the first, followed by the St. Petersburg period - the time when the young writer worked in the College of Foreign Affairs. Then the poet was sent to the southern exile. Here, in the south of Russia, begins the third period of his work. Further, he settles in the family estate Mikhailovsky, then in Boldino, and finally, the second Petersburg completes the diverse creativity of this brilliant writer.
Training in the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum
Years spent at the Lyceum contributed to thethe development of a love of literature. After all, this educational institution had a humanitarian orientation. The main subjects were history, literature and foreign languages. In the literature classes, students were required to present the works of their own work. Of course, Pushkin was the most successful in these exercises. In addition to training sessions, students published their poems in the publications "Young swimmers", "Inexperienced pen", "Lyceum sage". Regularly Pushkin participated in literary readings, followed the news in this area. One of the favorite entertainments of the lyceum students was the collective composition of fairy tales, in which Delvig and Kiichelbecker were most successful.
The first poem by Alexander Pushkin
The first serious literary experience of the poet appearedin the press in 1814. It was a work "To a friend of the poet". It should be said that, like other early works of the poet, this verse was imitative. Pushkin inherited the style of Boileau. In a jokingly comic manner, the lyrical hero of the poem turns to his friend, who writes poetry. He advises him to quit poetry, because "to be nice - well, calm - it is better to double." Despite his young age, Pushkin was sensing the real purpose of the poet. This is not someone who can rhyme the lines, he must teach, please the mind, experience and endlessly work hard, not sparing himself.
Already in this early poetic creation Pushkinshows his light style, of course, the poet is well versed in the genre of satire, in addition, the situations depicted by him are very believable. Genius was able to do what none of the imitators of Boileau managed to do.
Thus, an example of his attitude to the theme of the poetand poetry already offers Lyceum Lyric Pushkin. In short, it can be said that for Pushkin, writing is the following of the museum and inspiration, it is selfless and responsible work.
The first triumph of the poet
True success and blessing for furtherPushkin receives his work during the examination of Russian literature. As an examination paper, Alexander Sergeevich offers his ode "Memories in Tsarskoe Selo". The main listener and censor was the master of Russian literature - GR Derzhavin. Later Pushkin recalled that he read his poems with incredible trembling excitement, he could hardly control himself. Derzhavin was ecstatic, he wanted to embrace the young poet.
Lyceum Lyric Pushkin (poems written forthe first three years of training, in particular) shows his ability to work with different genres. He is equally successful as in satire, and in clothes, lyrics, elegies. This ability was especially bright in the poem "Memoirs in Tsarskoe Selo". Of course, Pushkin relies on the tradition of Russian classicism, but he brings a fresh stream into the verse, adding an elegiac, meditative mood to the ode genre. When the author talks about the glory of Russian heroes, he chooses a soleive odic style. After the verse it becomes more fluid and melodic, in that moment when the lyrical hero remembers the moment of Napoleon's offensive, that he lived in carelessness and negro for all the years, not knowing that a misfortune will come. And, finally, the poem ends with the same solemn and loud voice, glorifying the capital of Russia. This work embodied all the elegance, all the power that lays Lyceum Lyric Pushkin. The composition "Reminiscences in Tsarskoe Selo" made the author famous. It was after his reading that Derzhavin blessed the young genius for future work and announced that a great poet had appeared in Russia.
Lyceum Lyric Pushkin: poems that imitate light French poetry
Why the poems of Pushkin looked unusualand new ones? Mainly because of the language. Pushkin chooses a special poetic style. There are no more heavy phrases, long lines, difficult syntactic constructions that were so characteristic of the poets of classicism. Alexander Sergeevich adopts the style of such French poets as the Guys and Voltaire, whose work is usually called "light." However, the ease was manifested not only at the level of style, but also at the level of the subject. Pushkin's lyric poetry is a statement of epicureanism, a free attitude to life. This motive Pushkin borrows from his colleague on the pen-Batiushkov. Another famous poem of the Lyceum period is the 1814 message "To Batiushkov." In this text, the poet calls his friend "lazy," "a quick philosopher." Pushkin gives friendly advice Batyushkov: enjoy life, love, but do not forget the muses.
Civil motives in the early lyrics
Civil motives now and then appeared in thepoems of the poet throughout his creative career, except for Lyceum Lyric Pushkin. Poems in which these motifs sound are distinguished by vivacity, energy and youthful uncompromisingness. One of the most famous works - "Licinia" (1815). In this text, Alexander Sergeevich attracts a vast layer of ancient symbols and images. The author tells us about the time of the Roman decline, when people deified their emperor when moral norms began to decline. The lyrical hero is a young and ardent poet. He offers his friend Licinius to leave Rome, to go to the village and work there with poetry, in a word to condemn the low mores of their time. This work is well compared with the freedom-loving lyrics of the poet, created by him in the first Petersburg period. However, Lyceum lyricism is characterized by a complete denial of state power, which is dictated by the Epicurean view of the world.
Changes in the lyrics
Already in the last years of schooling in the Lyceum Pushkinbegins to write poetry, in which there are notes of sadness. This change was marked by the message "To Zhukovsky" (1816). More Pushkin will not have an anacreonical expanse, carelessness. The poet will remain the same optimist, but he does not accept life for the sake of enjoyment. In his letter to Zhukovsky, Pushkin expresses his respect for the work of this great poet. Elegical poems become the main direction in the late lyceum period. As an example, you can quote the poems "Separation", "Desire", "Singer".
Analysis of the lyrics of Pushkin is impossible withoutparallels between his work and the work of other poets of his time. Alexander Sergeevich conducts a peculiar dialogue with his contemporaries, the subject of which is art, namely, what it should be, what the poet should write about, how to write.
Lyceum lyric poetry Pushkin: verses (list)
The most famous poems of Pushkin, written by him in the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum:
- "Memories in Tsarskoe Selo".
- "Licinia".
- "To Batiushkov."
- "To Zhukovsky."
- "A wish".
- "Elegy".
- "Riders".
conclusions
The richest material for research isa lyceum poet Pushkin. Briefly, it can be described as the formation of the poetic manner of the writer, in which the talent of the master of all genres was clearly manifested, as well as the ability to work with the word. After all, already in these verses one can see a harmonious style, ease and beauty of poetry. The main themes of the lyrics of Pushkin of this period: poetry, friendship, love.
