Разработка управленческих решений это процесс, which combines the basic functions in management and planning, as well as organization, control and motivation. The decisions that are made in the structures of the authorities determine both the quality and effectiveness of the processes taking place in the managed system. In addition, such solutions enable development in a rapidly changing environment due to their high adaptability and resistance to external factors.
The development of management decisions covers most areas of human activity, and is one of the most important and integral parts in management.
Forms of development of management decisions have two definitions in the expanded and narrow version.
Расширенное определение сравнивает принятие decisions as a management process. Narrow the same concept involves the development and decision-making as the choice of the most effective solution from a variety of alternative. In addition, many scientists in this field attribute to the decision-making process also the stage of generating these most alternative options, as well as their implementation and further monitoring with an analysis of the results obtained.
Development of management decisions is made,as a rule, a leader. Although not always taken decisions can be called managerial. For example, decisions related to technical activities, decisions on the results and their analysis, decisions on the execution of any documents are not inherently managerial. After all, the management decision is the decision that is made in the social system and which is aimed at directly managing management activities, planning and designing the management system, strategic planning at the enterprise, consulting on management issues, and interaction with external sources and factors.
Development of management solutions in the field ofstrategic planning of any industry, looks like a program of socio-economic development. Often, the administrative decision is called the creative and volitional action of the management subject, which is based on the knowledge of certain laws, according to which the system of management, analysis of information and the effectiveness of its functioning function.
The essence of management decisions is reduced tothe mechanism of personnel management, which consists of ways to influence people with the task of coordinating their activities in the enterprise. To do this, the manager must know and represent the interests and needs of the staff accurately. The priority direction in creating a comfortable (home) work environment, as well as the comprehensive development of personnel as individuals on a general cultural and professional level, are priority areas in making managerial decisions.
Thus, the types of effectiveness of managementdecisions can manifest themselves not only in the economic essence or organizational nature of decisions, but also must affect the social component of personnel.
In addition to the economic essence of decisions, whichconsists in attracting to their realization of financial and labor resources there is also an organizational essence. It consists in participation in the decision-making process directly by the employees of the enterprise. You can also highlight the legal and technological essence of management decisions. The legal is to comply with the rules and regulations of existing laws when making decisions, and the technological one in the possibilities of providing personnel with technical means and resources for their implementation and implementation.
