Damage to the front of the shoulder lipcalled Bankart damage. The lip of the shoulder performs a cushioning function, while simultaneously fixing the bone in the shoulder. In cases where the lip comes off or breaks, the stability of the entrance of the bone decreases. This occurs against the background of a dislocation and inevitably leads to a violation of the stability of the shoulder joint as a whole.
Causes of appearance
There are two main causes of damage to Bankard of the shoulder joint:
- acute injuries;
- prolonged physical exertion.
At risk are athletes involvedthrowing a nucleus or athletics. Golf lovers are prone to dislocations in the shoulder joints. Naturally, the risks are reduced if the training takes place under the watchful supervision of experienced trainers.
Dislocation and rupture can occur when falling on the arm or a strong blow to the shoulder. Strong rotational movements with hands and sharp weight lifting - this can also cause Bankcard damage.
Oddly, but a sedentary lifestylecan also cause damage to the shoulder joint. Some diseases lead to the fact that the humeral lip weakens and Bankart is damaged (it can be arthrosis, tendonitis or osteoporosis).
Classification of pathology
Damage to Bankard of the shoulder joint is divided into three types:
- Classic type. In this case, there is a complete separation of the articular lip from the trough of the scapula. Typically, when you break a characteristic click is heard and immediately appear painful and uncomfortable sensations.
- The second type is characterized by the absence of rupture of the joints. If you do not treat this type of pathology, the disease will worsen and lead to more serious consequences.
- Extreme type. In this case, in addition to the gap, there is also a fracture of the bone. In this case, serious medical treatment is required.
Symptomatology
Damage to Bankard of the shoulder joint isshoulder injury with severe pain. The pain may be aching or intense. It all depends on the degree of damage and severity of the gap. The rupture of the articular lip may be partial or complete.
The main symptoms include:
- pain when moving the arm;
- limb, as a rule, poorly functioning;
- when bending the hand, characteristic clicks appear;
- hand loses almost completely work capacity.
Healing measures
Treatment of damage to Bankart if a joint injuryand the lips are slight, can be carried out conservatively. In parallel with this, physiotherapy and fixation of the shoulder joint is used. Although it should be remembered that conservative treatment provides a positive prognosis for complete recovery only in 50% of cases. There is a high probability that in the future instability of the shoulder joint will be observed.
Operative intervention
Surgical intervention can be open or with arthroscopic surgery.
Recovery from arthroscopic surgeryMuch faster, better muscle strength is restored. However, the risk of relapse after such an operation is very high when compared with open surgery.
Rehabilitation
The result of the Bankart damage treatment in the greaterdegree depends on rehabilitation measures, even more than on the type of treatment. The main role in this is played by the choice of tactics of recovery procedures. There are no special exercises for treatment, the rehabilitation program depends on many factors, in particular - the degree of pathology, neglect and methods of treatment of the disease. Although the programs that are used after surgery and conservative therapy are very similar.
The first stage of rehabilitation involvesimmobilization with an orthosis. The patient will have to reduce the range of motion of the damaged shoulder by about 1-4 weeks. Fixation of the shoulder allows you to avoid dislocation of the shoulder. If pain is absent, then passive movements are resolved from the fourteenth day of immobilization. Then the patient is prescribed isometric exercises.
The second stage involves an increase in the numberpassive movements, active exercises are gradually included. Then the program includes exercises aimed at strengthening the rotating cuff of the shoulder.
At the third stage, rehabilitation activities are aimed at restoring all movements in the shoulder joint. Used dynamic exercises that increase shoulder resistance.
The patient must understand that rehabilitation afterDamage to the articular lip is a long procedure, but following all the recommendations of the physiotherapist will gradually relieve all pain and restore full mobility of the arm. In some cases, restorative therapy lasts about twelve months. Weight lifting after rehabilitation is possible only after three months.
