Dislocation of the shoulder joint - the mostcommon problem concerning the musculoskeletal system. The reason - a kind of design that provides the largest range of movements among all the joints of our body. In this article we will look at how to recognize shoulder dislocations, symptoms of the disease. Prevention and treatment as important measures to prevent and eliminate the effects of such injuries will also be described in the presented material.
What is dislocation?
Dislocation we call loss of articular contactsurfaces with each other. Injuries occur most often during sports or road traffic accidents. Particularly prone to this are people involved in volleyball, hockey, handball and winter sports. For shoulder injuries, proper diagnosis is necessary.
One of the most difficult types of shoulder damageis a dislocation of the shoulder joint. The causes and treatment are established by the doctor upon careful examination of the victim. Further therapy is to restore the work of the joint and prevent complications.
Why does this problem happen?
The most common causes of sprainsShoulder joints are injuries during physical activity, falling on the outer (lateral) part of the arm. The cause of the problem can be a strong blow. Sometimes an injury occurs as a result of a fall from a height, for example, while working at a construction site. Upon impact, the head of the shoulder joint is displaced. Depending on the direction in which she moved, shoulder dislocations can be divided into:
- Anterior shoulder dislocation of the joint. This is the most common type of displacement, which, as a rule, occurs as a result of a fall on an outstretched arm or shoulder.
- Rear shoulder dislocation of the joint. This kind of displacement can be caused by a direct blow or by sharp turns of the shoulder.
Problem symptoms
Dislocation of the shoulder joint can lead todamage to other structures in the shoulder area. How to identify the problem and what to do after the diagnosis of "dislocated shoulder"? Symptoms and treatment (first aid) depend on the severity of the injury.
Signs of dislocation of the shoulder joint:
- Sudden, very severe pain in the shoulder area.
- Large swelling or hematoma.
- Restriction of joint mobility.
- Distortion of the outline of the joint, there is a lack of the humeral head, which moves to the armpit area.
- The pain increases when you try to move the joint (so the patient holds his hand closer to the body).
- Fainting and fever.
Therapeutic measures and diagnostics
Dislocation of the shoulder is considered a very serious injury.the joint. First aid and medical intervention are indispensable conditions for rapid rehabilitation and for the patient to return to a normal lifestyle. Anesthesia of the shoulder joint, which is performed under general anesthesia, is necessary to prevent other injuries while the doctor is working. Treatment is carried out on the basis of factors determined by the manual method, and X-ray.
After on the shoulder (where the shoulder joints)apply a cast with a bandage. Such an immobilization of the limb, as a rule, lasts about 4 weeks. After removing the bandage from the plaster and the study of radiographs, if there is no re-dislocation of the shoulder joint, rehabilitation becomes a prerequisite for restoring the work of the sick shoulder. It is also recommended to abstain from physical activity for another two to three months.
Иногда для лечения поставленного врачом диагноза “Habitual dislocation of the shoulder joint” operation is a necessary part of the rehabilitation process, as other problems can be identified, such as:
- fracture of the bones of the shoulder;
- muscle or joint injury;
- damage to blood vessels or nerves.
Как правило, проводится артроскопия.The surgeon makes very small incisions through the tissue through which the camera and instruments are inserted. If a patient has multiple injuries of the arm and the usual dislocation of the shoulder joint, the operation becomes quite a challenge for the surgeon, after which the patient must avoid movement of the upper limb for a long time (6 weeks).
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation is necessary for further treatment. You must also consider the following nuances:
- Avoid sudden movements of the shoulder joint for a short time after removing the plaster.
- Apply cold compresses to reduce swelling.
- Фармакологическое лечение, которое заключается в taking anti-inflammatory drugs. If the pain is intense, you can ask the doctor to prescribe analgesics. The drug "Nurofen Plus" must be taken every 6 hours, 15 ml.
- Perform therapeutic procedures.They contribute to analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects (cryotherapy), restoration of damaged soft tissues (magnetic therapy, laser therapy, ultrasound), increase muscle mass and strength (electrical stimulation), improve blood supply and tissue nutrition (whirling bath for the upper limb).
- Massage of tissues adjacent to the joint, relieves stress, and improves blood circulation and nutrition.
- Mobilization of the shoulder joint.
Perform therapeutic exercises in the initial stageRehabilitation is best with a psychotherapist. It is necessary to pick up light manipulations without a load on the aching joint, for example: isometric exercises and stretching tasks that stimulate neuromuscular tissue. Gradually, exercises are introduced on the support, strengthening muscle strength and improving the stability and elasticity of soft tissues. At the last stage of treatment, exercises are used for the entire upper limb, which increase strength, control movement and work, and improve the dynamics of movements of the shoulder joint.
Kinesitherapy is wrapping the jointspecial elastic patches. They have a sensory effect, improve the functioning of the joints. Superimposed on the scapular joints patches provide stability, improve the healing process and reduce the risk of injury during exercise.
Complications
Unfortunately, the diagnosis of dislocation of the shoulder joint is quite serious. Rehabilitation and treatment without accurate diagnosis can lead to numerous complications. These include:
- joint instability;
- peripheral nerve damage (tingling sensation, sensitivity disorders of the entire upper limb);
- limiting the range of motion in the joint;
- relapse even after a banal injury;
- degenerative changes in the shoulder joint.
Ways to treat injuries of the shoulder joint at home
A little relief brings the imposition of coldcompress on the damaged area, if there was a dislocation of the shoulder joint. Home treatment for severe injuries is impossible without the provision of qualified medical care. The victim must be taken to a doctor, who will take the necessary measures after taking X-rays. At the time of transportation, the arm must be fixed: it can be slightly bent at the elbow, pressed to the chest and wound with a bandage to the body.
To relieve pain, you should give an analgesic ornonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (Nurofen Plus or Ibuprofen, 15 ml every 6 hours). Recovery usually takes 3-6 weeks.
Затем рекомендуется выполнять упражнения на stretching the muscles of the arms and shoulders. After a series of such exercises, when the limb is fully functional, it is possible to return to the sport, but only in special clothes, so that in case of a fall, it prevents dislocation of the shoulder joint. Home treatment and rehabilitation after injury are possible with systematic stretching exercises so that the muscles are elastic and less susceptible to damage. In the case of overstretched muscles, for example, after an intense workout, ice can be applied to the shoulder.
Dislocation of the shoulder joint
This is a serious injury due to the impossibilityhand movements due to dislocation of the shoulder joint. Home treatment (first aid): drink painkillers in the dosage that is specified in the instructions, tie your hand to the body, and then urgently visit an orthopedist or traumatologist. Such damage is a very serious injury that can lead to the death of nerves and blood vessels.
Tendon strain
What to do if a sprain occurs anddislocation of the shoulder joint? Treatment at home involves the use of cold compress (it is applied for half an hour), drugs with anesthetic and anti-inflammatory effects (gels, ointments). They are applied with a thin layer to the damaged area several times a day. It is also necessary to rest the hand, that is, to restrict movement.
Shoulder injury
It usually occurs as a result of a sharpfalls that cause soft tissue damage. Signs of contusion: gradually increasing pain, hematoma, edema. It is necessary to quickly apply ice to the injury site. This will limit the hematoma and soft tissue swelling, unless, of course, there has been a dislocation of the joint.
И лечение народными средствами в данном случае не It will be superfluous: several times a day for 20 minutes apply cooling compresses or ice cubes wrapped in foil or wrapped with a cloth. Relief also bring ointment with analgesic and anti-inflammatory action. They are applied several times a day. However, if the pain does not recede, it is necessary to turn to the orthopedist, since the injury can be much more serious than you think.
Folk remedies
A lot of home remedies to eliminateconsequences associated with the diagnosis of "dislocated joint". Treatment of folk remedies is aimed at relieving pain. The use of compresses of hot milk is recommended: it must be heated, moistened in it with bandages and applied to the sore joint. Well helps finely chopped onions or "dough" from a glass of flour and a spoonful of vinegar. They need to impose on the damaged place and hold for half an hour.
