What is morphological analysis for?The question, the answer to which is not known to all. The child, not yet learned to speak, knows that all objects are somehow called, and our whole speech consists of words. A word is a syntactic unit of speech, and everything in the world is determined by it.
What is morphological analysis?
In our language (and in others) words are studied indifferent aspects. Starting from school, children learn that all words are classified into groups (parts of speech). The section of linguistics, which studies words from the standpoint of parts of speech, is called morphology. Accordingly, the morphological analysis of the word characterizes it from the position of the part of speech to which it belongs.
The division of words into parts of speech occurs bycombining them into groups that share common characteristics. These signs are not the same, and to determine them, it is necessary to conduct a morphological analysis of the word.
Despite the fact that the morphological analysis -quite difficult work, you can not do without it. This is a very important stage of the lesson for both the student and the teacher. First of all, we must learn to determine whether a word belongs to any part of speech and only then, making a morphological analysis of a word, to give a specific characteristic.
Words are divided into official and independent.Each group has its own characteristics and each is considered from the point of view of morphology. For example, the morphological analysis of the word "foliage" indicates all its features as a noun. Also the words of other parts of speech. There is a general procedure for morphological analysis for words of different groups. Proceeding from it, the following signs are indicated in the morphological analysis of any part of speech: 1. A word as part of speech; 2. The total value of this part; 3. The initial or indefinite form of the word; 4. Signs are permanent and impermanent; 5. The role in the proposal from the standpoint of syntax.
Sample parsing
And now let's take a closer look at the morphological analysis of the word (noun), which is carried out according to a specific scheme.
- The initial form is determined.The word is written out in the form in which it is given in the text, and only then its initial form is indicated. For nouns, this is the only number, the nominative case. If the noun refers only to the plural, the initial form will naturally be plural.
- The next stage is an indication of morphologicalsigns that are permanent and impermanent. The permanent features of a noun include: its meaning (proper or nominal, specific or collective), gender, number (in nouns that refer only to the singular or plural), animation / inanimate, type of declension. Non-permanent signs of a noun are the definition of case and number (for nouns that are not related to a specific number).
- And the final stage of analysis will be the definition of the syntactic affiliation of a noun. In other words, which member of the sentence will be the word being parsed.
As mentioned above, the morphological analysiswords has a general scheme for all parts of speech. Only the signs are different. Therefore, the analysis of the adjective will look a little different. So, performing a morphological analysis of the word adjective, its initial form is also indicated. The word must be put in the singular, nominative, masculine. Further, again, permanent and non-permanent signs. Constant signs in adjectives include discharges (meaning quality, relationships, accessories), non-permanent — degree of comparison, full or short form, number, gender, case. And the third stage of parsing is syntactic (which member is the word in the sentence).
