With the development of man and society,the philosophy developed, which acquired new knowledge, that is why each philosopher had his main philosophical question according to his own, based on his life experience and views.
Thus, F. Bacon interpreted the basic question of philosophy as an extension of man's influence on nature on the basis of the emergence of new knowledge and practical applications of them.
Spinoza and R. Descartes believed that the main question of philosophy was the improvement of human nature and the conquest of external nature.
Helvetius K. A. The main question of philosophy was seen as the essence of human happiness.
Jean Jacques Rousseau argued that this issue should be investigated from the point of view of inequality and find ways to overcome it.
Representative of German classical philosophyKant, said that the main question of philosophy is to seek knowledge, before the experience was gained. Fichte IG also talked about the main issue as the basic provisions of knowledge of all areas.
Frank S.L.the famous Russian philosopher viewed from the point of view: what is a person and his true destiny. Camus, a well-known existentialist of France, pondered the value of human existence, whether it was worth living, whether it was worth it.
In the domestic philosophy, the main question of philosophy is the question of the relation of matter to consciousness, thinking to being.
From all that has been said above,that philosophy differs from other sciences in that it is present in addition to an objective description of the world, there is a subjective view of the philosopher who provides this knowledge with the value of cultural value. On this basis, knowledge in philosophy is not so much abstract theories, but the most imperative, very personal knowledge.
Philosophers, comprehending being, pass it through the prism of experience and knowledge.
In this regard, there is the problem of philosophical knowledge, which lies in the question of philosophy - is it science? To answer this question one must compare science and philosophy.
1. Philosophy, like science, strives for truth through the search for an objective picture of the world.
2.A philosophical subject is as objective as scientific subjects, because the relation of man to nature and the external world is objective enough. This subject of philosophy, like the scientific subjects of research, also needs new knowledge, and methods.
3. Philosophical truths are checked by all mankind throughout its social development.
However, philosophy did not always go along with science side by side - in the Middle Ages, philosophy departed from science and became a "servant of theology."
Features of medieval philosophy arethe fact that in departing from the ancient values, where the truth was sought, in the Middle Ages philosophy relied on Scripture as an absolute truth. So at this time, not a person is engaged in the search for truth, and the truth is trying to master a person. Medieval philosophy relied on the postulate that the truth man needs to be known not for himself, but for her own sake, since she is God. And Christ - the unity of the divine and the human - is the only representative of this absolute truth. And the task of philosophy was to find the right ways for the communion of the mind to truth. On the basis of this, the philosophy of the Middle Ages was called "servant of theology".
The fight against heresy and intransigence to it can beexplain that tradition is impossible without reliance on authorities. And the medieval world was entirely dominated by theocentrism, which led to stagnation in science, architecture, philosophy and all other areas of human life. This is due primarily to the upside down of everything. Instead of searching for the meaning of one's own being by a person, he was impelled by being, which is divorced from the scientific approach.
