Education in pedagogy is sociala conditioned process that is necessary for the reproduction of a person as a person, ready to be involved in social relations. Therefore, all pedagogical methods of instruction are aimed at the formation of a personality corresponding to the main requirements of the society.
Education in pedagogy is organized as a processthe interaction of the student and the teacher, the result of which is the formation of the student's certain skills, knowledge and skills on the basis of his own activity. In turn, the teacher creates conditions for the activity of the trainee, controls, directs, provides the necessary information and means.
Education in pedagogy is aimed at the formation ofstudents ability to self-employment. For this purpose, a purposeful process of educational and cognitive activity of students in mastering knowledge, developing creative abilities, moral and aesthetic views of the world, is organized.
The learning process is characterized byproperties, as a bilateral character, guidance from the teacher, the joint activity of the students and students, integrity and unity, systematic organization, compliance with the laws of the age of students, consistent management, management of the development of students and their upbringing.
The tasks that are solved by teaching in pedagogy,are: stimulation of educational and cognitive activity of trainees; development of memory, thinking, creative abilities; improvement of acquired skills and abilities; organization of activities for the acquisition of scientific knowledge and skills; the development of a moral and aesthetic culture and a scientific worldview.
The whole educational process is based on methodstraining, which means the ways of interrelated activities of educators and trainees, which are aimed at solving a set of tasks in the learning process. Teaching methods are classified according to different criteria.
Some authors (E. Perovsky, E.Golant) share them according to the nature of perception and the source of information transfer to passive perception (lecture, explanation, story, demonstration) and active (working with visual sources, laboratory work). Others (M. Danilov, B. Esipov.) Classify them according to the didactic task: the acquisition of knowledge; application of knowledge; formation of skills, abilities; fastening; creative activity; testing knowledge and skills.
M. Skatkin, I.Lerner shares methods according to the type of cognitive activity, highlighting the explanatory-illustrative; problem statement; reproductive; partial search; research. Another group of methodologists, headed by Y. Babansky, identifies such groups as methods of organizing cognitive activity (reproductive, visual, verbal, practical and problem-searching); development of interest in learning; control the effectiveness of training activities. There are also other classifications. Modern pedagogical training technologies, as a rule, are based on a combination of different approaches, relying on the most relevant to each stage of training.
Today the basic laws of training are the following.
- Training is a four-sided process in which the goals, the learning and learning side, the education process are interrelated.
- The law of pedagogical harmony implies the correct combination of all its attributes: content, forms, means, methods, organization of management.
- Education educates the person, comprehensively developing it.
The main axioms of learning are those.To be effective, the student must always be more active than the teacher. The obligatory part of any training is repetition. Students should learn by actively helping each other to learn knowledge, because they themselves understand their essence better.
