Surely each of us has heard fromscreens of TV sets or from the speakers of radio receivers, the erased phrase: "A storm warning is announced". In the mind of the majority there is an image: a dense storm curtain, now and then broken by the wind, trees bent before the force of the elements and a couple of unlucky passers-by who by fate's fate found themselves on the street.
But do everyone know what the nature and laws of this meteorological phenomenon are? Let's understand.
Storm (or storm) is called an extremely strong wind(or an impressive excitement at sea). A storm warning is also declared when large snow falls are expected. This natural phenomenon may pose a threat to people's lives and the infrastructure of settlements. Particularly affected by the storm power lines, structures of glass and light metals, as well as green plantations.
Great trouble is expected when it is announceda storm warning in Moscow and other large cities with a busy traffic. Winds and rains destroy ground rocks, because of what asphalt can literally fall through under cars. Frequent after the storm, transport collapses and traffic paralysis are not uncommon in large areas.
American scientists have established that in the northernlatitudes a storm warning should be announced in cases where the wind speed reaches thirty-five miles per hour (or fifty-six kilometers).
When the wind speeds up to 60 kilometers per hour, the storm gets its own name.
Scientists-meteorologists identify several reasons for the occurrence of a storm:
- cyclone (can be both tropical and other etiology) passing through the territory;
- tornado, thrombus or tornado;
- local or frontal thunderstorm.
The speed of the wind in the storm exceeds twentymeters per second (when measured at the surface of the earth). When the indicator is reached at thirty meters per second, the storm officially becomes a "hurricane". If such an increase in speed is of a short duration, then the races are called squalls.
A storm warning is announced when meteorologists predict wind speed exceeding nine on the Beaufort scale. Also on this scale, the intensity is classified:
- a strong storm (ten points in Beaufort or 28.5 m / s);
- cruel storm (eleven points in Beaufort or 32.6 m / s).
Depending on the place of formation, storms are:
- tropical;
- subtropical;
- hurricane (Atlantic area);
- typhoon (the Pacific region).
The most famous storms and their consequences
In 1824 it was completely floodedSt. Petersburg. As a result of the strongest wind and unrest the Neva and its canals came out of the coast. There was a rise in water by 410 centimeters. It is noteworthy that even the day before the turbulence of the elements, the weather sharply worsened, a storm warning was announced, but many residents neglected warnings and went for walks to the embankment.
In 1931 the strongest flooding wasThe densely populated Chinese city of Gaoyu and its environs. During the monsoon season, the Yellow River came out of the banks. As a result, more than three hundred thousand hectares of land was under water. About forty million Chinese remained without a roof. In some places, according to eyewitnesses, the water was still about six months.
