Афанасий Афанасьевич Фет, он же Шеншин, - famous Russian poet, one of the best lyricists in the domestic literature. Many fans of his work know when Fet was born and died. If you do not belong to their number, we suggest that you fill in the knowledge gap. This man went through a rather difficult life. And the first blow of fate he had a chance to experience in his early years.
Story of birth, or Who is the father?
The origin of Athanasius Feta is the darkest place.in his biography. It is still not clear who his real father is. Brief biography of Fet, telling about his birth, describes a complex and ambiguous story.
In September 1820, respectableA forty-four-year-old landowner Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin returns to his estate after a one-year treatment at a German spa resort. In Germany, he stayed at the home of Karl Becker, where he met his married daughter Charlotte Fet. After some time, the woman became pregnant ...
Controversial opinion on the origin
Of course, it is important to know when Fet was born and died,but to understand this, almost detective story of his birth is no less interesting. Opinions differ on further events. Some biographers believe that Charlotte hastily filed for divorce, and soon, by lawful marriage with Athanasius Neofitovich in Germany.
Other experts who investigated the factsthe birth of the future poet, are inclined to believe that Afanasy Neofitovich, without waiting for a divorce, simply took Charlotte to his estate. There afterwards little Afanasy will be born - the future great poet. This is the short biography of Fet, which tells about his confused origin.
First blow of fate
When Afanasy Afanasievich turnedfourteen years old, from Germany came the official notice concerning the rights of his birth. According to him, from that moment on he was the legitimate son of his German father. In this connection, he automatically lost all noble titles, which he rightfully used while being Shenshin.
В результате этих обстоятельств fourteen Afanasy Fet began to be considered an illegitimate child Shenshin Afanasy Neofitovich. And it laid a huge stain on the poet's entire future life. Now his main goal was to restore his noble dignity and regain lost rights.
University study and new acquaintance
In the same period, Fet Afanasy Afanasievich wasHe was sent to the Livonian city of Verro, where he was accepted into a German boarding school. Without a name, a family and citizenship the boy felt his particular infringement. During these years, the young man began to discover in himself a poetic talent, with the help of which he pulled back from reality and plunged into the world of creativity.
In 1837, Fet Afanasy Afanasievich - by decisionShenshin - was transferred to a boarding school in the city of Moscow, owned by Mikhail Pogodin. And next year, the next poet enters the university to study law and philology. There he meets Apollo Grigoriev, his fellow student, and they become very close friends.
Soon Afanasy even moved to the house of Apollo onMalaya Polyanka, where he settled in a small room on the top floor. In the future, many contemporaries will note that Apollo Grigoriev with his ideas had an important influence on the work of young Athanasius Fet.
A. Fet: photo in military uniform, or Why the service is needed
Афанасий учился очень плохо, наука его не interested. Because of this, at the university he had to stay even two years longer. The young man is constantly tormented by longing, she suffocates him, and he finds salvation only in poetry. Finally, Afanasy Afanasievich graduated from Moscow University, and the friendly relations that emerged during these years of Fet's life played a significant role in the fate of Russian lyric poetry. At that time, he met with German philosophers, matured and became a true poet.
In 1840, the first collection of poems was published.Feta, which is called the "Lyrical Pantheon". However, after graduating from the university, Afanasy Afanasyevich began his military career. Why did this man suddenly serve in the army? The fact is that certain ranks gave a person the right to personal nobility. Fet's significant years of life were spent trying to regain the surname Shenshin.
With it are connected his endless journeysdifferent regions of Russia and the remoteness of Afanasy Afanasyevich from those places where real literary life raged, magazines were published, poems were discussed. And it is not so important when Fet was born and died. Of great importance is the fate that awaited the poet because of the incomprehensible story of his birth.
Poet or business executive. Man standing on his feet
Even after years Afanasy Afanasyevich was engagedcreativity as if sporadically. In 1863 he published the final collection of his poems, which draws a line under the whole period of Fet's life. Then comes the decade, during which he practically not only does not publish his works, but does not even write them. This is due to certain external reasons.
The 1960s are a time of reform, and Athanasius FetPublishes articles on agriculture on many relevant issues. And many begin to perceive the poet primarily as a business executive. It is enough to recall the appearance of this man - stumpy, strong, with a big black beard, to understand that he is not without reason writing about the household. He really was very skillful and very firmly on his feet.
Two directions in Russian literature
The 1960s are the years when literature and poetryparticular devotes itself to public service. For example, it was in the lyrics of Nikolai Nekrasov - the largest poet of the time. The axis of confrontation between Nekrasov and Fet is that the former represented civil poetry, while Athanasius Afanasievich personified the poetry of pure art.
On the one hand, specific goals, relevance,topical, but on the other - something very strange. Some streams, nightingales, dreams ... Who needs it? So many readers of that epoch reasoned. During these years, Athanasius Afanasievich is subjected to endless attacks from journalists. They write numerous parodies of the poet. They do not like excessive musicality and rhythm of his works. Indeed, Fet's poetry is distinguished by its integrity and unity. From the very beginning, he showed himself to be a lyric poet, praising the beauty and harmony of the world.
Particular motifs of the poetry of Afanasy Afanasievich
The main characteristics of the lyrics of Athanasius Feta -it is associativity, ambiguity and musicality. His poems do not represent wild nature, but the space of human life. For example, not the sea, but a pond, not the whistle of the wind, but the sound of music, not a forest, but a garden. "Whisper, shy breathing, nightingale trills ...". Not everyone remembers when Fet was born and died, but many readers know by heart these textbook lines written by Afanasy Afanasievich.
The world of Fet's poetry consists of images of pure beauty.For these poems do not need any external stimuli, any special reasons or social events. And it was precisely this chamber nature that allowed Fet to remain a poet for decades. And as if not to notice their aging. Afanasy Afanasievich was born in 1820, and Feta’s life was cut short in 1892. And it should be noted that it was in the last decade, for the 1880s, that the absolute flowering of his work fell.
The great value of the lyrics of Fet
Именно в то время, когда Афанасий Фет был the owner of his remarkable estate in the Kursk province, he writes his most delightful poems. Then the poet found stability and happiness in family life. Fet, whose photo today is familiar even to the smallest reader, started publishing collections one by one under the same name "Evening Lights". Four came out, the fifth was prepared for printing.
Anyone can see in these pastin verse, all the same young soul of the poet, who is not so much immersed in everyday life, but inclined to see its depth for each detail. And it is no coincidence. Because the early, even university hobbies of philosophy in his mature years turned into systematic studies.
Afanasy Afanasyevich holds a special place inRussian poetry of the nineteenth century. Without Fet, there would be no Russian Symbolists, the works of Alexander Blok, Konstantin Balmont and many other great poets. It was on the basis of the lyrical discoveries of Athanasius Fet that entire directions appeared in the poetry of the twentieth century. First of all symbolism. The value of Fet's poetry is thus very great.
