What works of Fonvizin known modernreaders? Undoubtedly, "Nedorosl". After all, comedy is part of the school curriculum. It is known that the pen of the Russian writer belongs to critical articles-translations of foreign authors. However, literary works and a satirical composition about the ignorant family of Fryvazin's Simple Works are not limited.
What else did the creator of the household comedy write? And why on the slope of the years did the author of Nedorosli find it difficult to publish his works?
Russian author of foreign origin
The writer lived and worked in the Catherine's era.Fonvizin's works would not have been created if one of the ancestors of the comedian had not once fallen into Russian captivity. The creator of such characters as Prostakov, Starodum and Mitrofanushka, was of foreign origin, but was the most Russian of all eighteenth-century Russian writers. At least, so said about him Pushkin.
Translation activities
The writer studied at the gymnasium, then became a studentFaculty of Philosophy. The works of Fonvizin represent the peak of the theatrical art of the eighteenth century. However, before gaining recognition, the writer for many years piled over the translations of eminent foreign and even ancient playwrights. And only after gaining experience, he began to write original works.
Art translation of the hero of this article beganto engage in an accident. One day one of the St. Petersburg booksellers heard about his excellent knowledge of foreign languages. The businessman invited the young man to translate into Russian works of Ludwig Holberg. Denis Fonvizin coped with the task. After that, a lot of proposals from publishers fell down.
Literary creativity
When did the originalworks of Fonvizin? The list of his works is small. Below is a list of dramatic works and publications on a political topic. But first it is necessary to say a few words about the world view of this author.
In the second half of the eighteenth century, throughout theEurope in fashion was an enlightening thought, one of the founders of which was Voltaire. The Russian writer was happy to translate the works of the French satirist. The humor that distinguish the works of Fonvizin in the style of classicism probably became a feature that was formed under the influence of Voltaire's work. In the years when the writer was particularly active in the circles of freethinkers, the first comedy was created.
"Brigadier"
The literary classes helped Fonvizin to riseon the career ladder in his youth, but had a disastrous effect on the writer's work in advanced years. The Empress herself paid attention to the translation of the tragedy of Volier. A special success was the comedy "Brigadier".
Publicism
In 1769, the writer went to the service to the CountPanin, who prompted him to write a political treatise. The title of this work is fully consistent with the time in which the author lived: "Reasoning about the completely destroyed form of government and the state of the empire and sovereigns."
In the Catherine's era, educated peoplethey expressed themselves very floridly, even the Empress herself, who, by the way, did not like the composition. The fact is that in this work the author criticized both Catherine, and her favorites, demanded a constitutional transformation. At the same time, he even ventured to threaten the coup d'état.
In Paris
Fonvizin spent more than two years in France.From there, he conducted regular correspondence with Panin and other like-minded people. Social and social problems became the main topic of letters and essays. The publicistic works of Fonvizin, whose list is little known to contemporaries, despite the absence of rigid censorship in those years, were imbued with a thirst for change, a reformist spirit.
Political Views
After visiting France, Denis Fonvizin wrotenew "Reasoning." This time they were dedicated to state laws. In this work the author raised the question of serfdom. Being confident of the need to destroy him, he was still under the impression of "Pugachev", and therefore offered to get rid of serfdom in moderation, slowly.
Fonvizin engaged in literary creation until the end of his days. But due to the disapproval of the Empress, he could not publish a collection of his works. Finally, it is worth mentioning the works of Fonvizin.
List of books
- "Brigadier."
- "The Minor".
- "Reasoning about the indispensable state laws."
- "The choice of a tutor."
- "A conversation with Princess Khaldina."
- "A sincere confession."
- "Coryon".
"A sincere recognition" the writer created,being in advanced years. This work is of an autobiographical nature. In recent years, the writer Fonvizin mostly wrote articles in magazines. In the history of Russian literature Fonvizin entered as the author of comedies in the genre of classicism. What is this direction? What are its characteristics?
Fonvizin's works
Classicism is a direction based onprinciples of rationalism. In the works there is harmony and faith, strictly observed poetic normativism. The heroes of the comedy "Nedorosl" are divided into positive and negative. There are no contradictory images here. And this is also a characteristic feature of classicism.
This trend originated in France.In Russia, classicism was characterized by a satirical orientation. In the works of French playwrights in the first place was the antique theme. Russian classicism is characterized by national-historical motives.
The main feature of dramatic worksThe eighteenth century is the unity of time and place. Events "Inexpensive" take place in the house of the Prostakov family. Everything that is described in the comedy takes place within twenty-four hours. Fonvizin gave his characters with talking names. Skotinin dreams of villages where many pigs graze. Vralman pretends that he enlightens Mitrofanushka, while he introduces a mediocrity into an even more terrible ignorance.
In the comedy, the theme of upbringing is addressed.Enlightening thought had a significant impact on the entire work of Fonvizin. The writer dreamed of changing the state system. But he believed that without education any changes would lead to riots, "pugachevschine" or other negative social and political consequences.
