Pumping various liquids and substancesequipment is available on the market in different versions. Developers strive to optimize designs to ensure high performance and adequate power. However, with increasing efficiency, the reverse process of rapid wear of work items during operation is observed. In turn, jet pumps are free from such drawbacks, since they do not have working components that would be subjected to intense loads. To understand the other features and merits of this type of aggregate, it is necessary to examine their structure in more detail.
Pump device
The device does not provide forrotating elements, and structural parts and components are focused on ensuring the operation of functional fluids. The pump consists of four components, including a suction chamber, a nozzle, a mixing tank and a diffuser. Also, the device of the jet pump may provide a complete set of special nozzles designed to supply working fluids. One model of the unit can be supplemented with different characteristics narrowing elements. The design is presented in different versions and depending on the type of hydraulic carrier used. In particular, there are devices for working with liquid media, gaseous substances and hydraulic mixtures.
How do jet pumps work?
Such devices operate on the basis of the principlekinetic energy transfer. The power charge is transmitted from the flow of functional fluids to the pumped carrier. It is important to note that the mechanical devices and intermediate nodes are not involved in the transmission process. High force output is provided due to the speed at which the working fluid is released from the nozzle under the action of pressure. Due to the absence of moving components, the role of vacuum chambers with which the jet pump is equipped increases. The principle of operation of the unit provides for the formation of free space in the tank, where the liquid is sucked. That is, the carrier from the receiving chamber through the suction channels is sent to the tank, and then to the mixing compartment. In the process of merging the functional fluid and the carrier energy is exchanged, as a result of which the force of the flow weakens. The end point in the simplest systems is the collection capacity, into which the carrier enters at a reduced rate, but with the pressure kept.
Performance
Usually such units in which are implementedsparing, from the point of view of the structure wear, liquids, do not differ high performance indicators. In part, the example of jet pumps confirms this, but in some segments of the application of its capabilities is quite enough. For example, the performance of the devices can reach 30 l / s. This indicator refers to the professional technology, and simplified designs provide on average 15-17 l / s. As for the lifting height, the work of the jet pump is calculated on the range of 8-15 m, although some modifications for specialized purposes can provide a 20-meter lift. But in this case, performance and efficiency are noticeably reduced, therefore alternative designs of pumps are often used for such needs.
Pump Types
As noted above, designs vary intype of fluid served. Now it is worth considering them in more detail. The most popular models work with water carriers and mixtures that do not have a damaging effect on the communication infrastructure of the unit. Such devices are called ejectors and operate on the principle of pumping and suction in different chambers. Jet pumps are also common, their function is focused on servicing aggressive media. These are airlifts used in wells and communication systems ensuring the transfer of chemically active mixtures and fluids with the presence of solid particles. Less popular, but in some cases injectors are irreplaceable. These are devices that also work with liquids, but the functional medium in this case is steam.
Applications
A variety of design options led toand the appropriate distribution of this type of pump. In particular, they are used in the chemical industry for the transfer of acids, alkalis, oil-containing carriers, salt mixtures and fuel oil. Technologists in this industry highly appreciate the mechanical endurance and durability that distinguishes a jet pump. The use of such units in the domestic sphere is mainly focused on the rise of water from wells. Some modifications are quite suitable for the formation of artesian sources. Also, high characteristics of resistance to temperatures allow using such equipment in heating systems. For sewers such a solution is also beneficial, since the pump effectively copes with the removal of sediments in the form of sludge and sand.
Advantages and disadvantages of inkjet units
Among the main advantages of such unitsdistinguish a simple and reliable design, durability in operation, reliability and lack of sensitivity to aggressive media. To a large extent, these advantages are due to the fact that jet pumps are free from the presence of moving parts, which wear out quickly in other pumps. By the way, the same constructional feature allows pumps to be made in small sizes, which also affects minimization of maintenance costs. But there are drawbacks to such devices, among which emphasize the need for special preparation of working fluids and low performance indicators.
Conclusion
The principle of operation of jet units caused themspecific direction of operation. Such equipment is practically not used in traditional water supply and irrigation systems. But, thanks to high wear resistance, jet pumps have found their place in communication systems operating under conditions of high loads. Suffice it to say that the units efficiently handle the maintenance of chemicals and polluted media, while maintaining the original performance. But the owners of the equipment have to pay for such a significant advantage with a modest power potential. Low productivity is not always a decisive factor in the choice of pumps, so the demand for jet devices remains.
