A high-pressure fuel pump is one of themthe main elements of the system of injection of engines operating on diesel fuel. This device performs two functions - injects the required amount of diesel under pressure and adjusts the necessary time to start the injection.
Purpose and structure of injection pump
This pump is based on a specialplunger pair, which combines the piston (plunger) with the cylinder (bushing). This mechanism is made exclusively of high-quality steel. There is a small gap between the plunger and the bushing. This is a precision interface.
It is also worth noting that fuel injection pumps have been widely used in recent times, which regulate the injection time with electronic injectors.
Depending on the design, there are several types of fuel pumps:
- The row.
- Distributive.
- Backbone.
At the in-line injection pump, the device is as follows.He pumps diesel into the cylinder with a separate plunger pair. By its design it is the simplest. For example, the distribution pumps have several plunger pairs in their design. They pump and distribute fuel over all cylinders.
As a rule, fuel injection pumpscomplete with a pair of plungers. Due to this they provide a more even supply of fuel. Unlike in-line, these pumps differ in their small weight and smaller sizes. Therefore, the parts of the fuel injection pump often fail to withstand loads and fail. Such pumps are most often equipped with cars that run on diesel fuel.
Trunk high pressure pump
The construction of main pumps is substantiallydiffers from the construction of the previous ones. Such injection pumps are used in the Common-Rail injection system, where they perform the function of injecting diesel fuel into the ramp. Trunk pumps create the greatest pressure in the system. Some devices provide injection at a pressure of 190 MPa. The device of the injection pump "Mercedes Actros", for example, implies the presence of up to 3 pairs of plungers. Their drive is carried out using a special cam washer or shaft.
These were all types of modern injection pump.The device of each of them, as we have already seen, assumes the presence of at least one plunger pair, on the number and characteristics of which the uniformity of feeding and fuel injection into the system depends.
- The device mechanism has increased noise during operation.
- The belt slides off the pump gear.
- The fuel supply from the injection pump to the injectors is disrupted.
- Difficult start of the engine.
- Increased fuel consumption.
- From the exhaust pipe, thick black smoke drips. As a rule, this indicates the clogged filters, but after their replacement it is recommended to check the condition of the injection pump.
