Familiarizing children with fiction inpreparatory group kindergarten passes through different methods. They use works of both folklore and authors in any classes, games, theatrical activities, holidays.
The role of reading in the development of children
Frequently read artistic childrenliterature, have grammatically correct speech, can express their thoughts beautifully. In addition, familiarity with the book helps kids learn about the world around them, makes value judgments, develops the ability to distinguish between good and evil, teaches moral values, develops patriotic feelings, love of nature and much more.
Consider a sample reading card file.fiction in the preparatory group, as well as how these literary works influence the formation of the child’s personality and prepare him for further studies at school
Tasks of the program
- Развивать интерес к литературным произведениям, the desire to listen to fairy tales and stories, to teach expressively to recite poems, to recognize the continuation of the started book, to view pictures, illustrations of works with curiosity.
- Introduce a variety of literary forms:a proverb, a saying, a cake, a lullaby, a riddle, patter, a point, a poem, a story, a fairy tale. To be able to recognize and distinguish them, to understand the meaning of proverbs.
- To acquaint children with the means of expressionof works, how to describe the subject, person, event as figuratively At the same time, it is important to teach children to understand how such figurative expressions, epithets and comparisons can characterize a literary character.
- Teach children to recite expressively.poems or retelling a fairy tale, using the volume and power of the voice, changing the timbre and choosing the emotions suitable for this work, develop arbitrary memory and attention.
- To develop grammatically correct literary speech for successful study at school.
- Learn to empathize with the heroes of the works, develop a sense of humor.
- To acquaint children with Russian and foreign writers and poets, as well as with famous illustrators, to learn to recognize their images in portraits.
- To acquaint with the history of the people with the help of epics and legends.
Fiction in the preparatory group for the GEF
Federal state educationalThe standard (GEF) provides an indicative list of literary works that are recommended for familiarization by children in kindergarten. Of course, not a single educator stops at this. Educators - creative people who can not be put in a rigid framework of censorship. Used, in addition to the main, also a number of additional works.
Fiction card file inpreparatory group has the main sections. These are small literary forms - songs, poteshki, for example, "Chigariki-chok-chigarok", "Mother spring is coming", When the sun rises ... ", etc.
Small poetic forms are used incalendar ritual songs. When you get acquainted with the traditions of folk culture, they read and memorize carols, for example, "Kolyada, kolyada, you serve the cake" or "How the kolyada went ...", on Maslenitsa - "As in the Shrove week ..." -ka ... ".
They teach to laugh at the drawbacks of jokes - "Fedul, what lips puffed out?" or "Where kissel is here and sat down." Develop a sense of humor tales - "Rich Yarmoshka" or "You listen, guys."
Fiction card file inThe preparatory group also provides for acquaintance with the poetic works of Russian poets such as A. Blok, Wind Brought from A Distance, M. Voloshin, Autumn, S. Yesenin, Porosha, M. Lermontov, Wild in the North, F Tyutchev, "Spring Waters", etc.
When children are introduced to poetry
Perception of fiction inpreparatory group takes place not only during individual classes. Educators also read poems to children in class to familiarize themselves with the world around them. For example, when studying traffic rules, they read poems about traffic lights and how to cross the road.
In the classroom for familiarization with nature guessingriddles about animals, vegetables and fruits. For example, when children are introduced to feathered life, fiction about birds is used. In the preparatory group, you can read V. Zhukovsky "Lark", A. Pushkin "Bird", V. Orlov "You fly to us, skorus". The seasons will help to study the creations of such authors: I. Surikov, "Winter", P. Solovyov, "Snowdrop", F. Tyutchev, "Winter is Wonder Angry," J. Akim, "April", P. Voronko, "Better No, Native edges, "L. Stanchev," Autumn gamma ".
Reading poems during a play activity
In theatrical performances such verse works as: K. Aksakov, "Lizochek", S. Marshak, "Cat's House", L. Levin, and "Chest" are often played up.
During the role-playing games can be offeredchildren sing a lullaby And on holidays (for example, on Christmas) to walk around other groups and classrooms of the kindergarten, arranging a costumed caroling with a bag for gifts.
In addition to software works a lotchildren involuntarily memorize poems during outdoor games or physical exercises, which are held in their free time or for the purpose of resting from a static seat in class.
What a holiday without poetry
When preparing for the matinee or organizing performances, children also memorize a huge number of poems and songs, both their own and others, which are scripted for other children.
It all develops memory and interest in poetic.works. There are also a number of word games used by the teacher in speech development classes, which enable children to invent rhymes themselves.
Moral education through fiction
While reading literary works, childrenget acquainted with different characters, both positive and negative. Listening to the text, the guys learn to empathize with the heroes, to sympathize with their troubles and troubles, to take care of their neighbor, to distinguish the good from the bad, good and evil. After reading the work, especially of such a moral meaning, the teacher must have a conversation, trying to strengthen children's confidence in the moral principles understood in the course of listening to a literary creation.
The list of fiction for the preparatory group of the kindergarten contains a number of such works.
Consider a few of them.
V. Kataev, "Flower-seven-flower"
This is a famous work by Valentin Petrovich.Kataev, of course, from childhood is familiar to almost everyone. Based on this work for children was filmed cartoon. Recall in brief the content of the tale. The girl Zhenya, at the request of her mother, went to the store to buy bagels, was distracted along the way, and an unfamiliar dog ate all the bagels. When Zhenya tried to catch up with her, she fell into an unfamiliar place and cried. An old woman came out to meet her and gave her a magic flower with 7 petals. If you tear off the petal and say the right words, the desire will be fulfilled immediately. So the girl returned home.
Then she spent all her bullshit.petals, except the last. Having met a disabled boy in the park, Zhenya devoted the last petal with the wish that this stranger recovered. After the magical effect of the flower, the boy jumped to his feet and ran with the girl to continue to play.
Произведение В.Kataeva "Flower-Seven-Color" teaches children to understand the importance of human life and health compared to unnecessary vagaries, such as going to the North Pole, repairing a cup or order a whole bunch of toys.
Nurture responsiveness tales
No wonder wise people say:"The tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it, a good lesson for the good fellows." Each piece of recommended literature, including fairy tales, teaches children of wisdom, to follow the golden rule of life - how you treat a person, and he will treat you.
Take, for example, a fairy tale in the treatment of the famouswriter and teacher Konstantin Ushinsky "Do not spit in the well - it is useful to drink water". She, too, is included in the card file for reading fiction in the preparatory group of the kindergarten.
Отзывчивая падчерица Машенька угостила мышку porridge, and she helped her to deceive the bear. For her kindness, the girl received generous gifts. And the old daughter Natasha Natasha was not so compassionate, the mouse was left hungry. Accordingly, the evil girl received solid cuffs from the bear instead of the reward, and she barely took off her legs.
The same thread can be traced in many Russian and foreign fairy tales - "Puss in Boots", "Thumbelina" by H. Andersen, "Ayoga" and others.
Word games
Часто в детском саду воспитатели организовывают literary quizzes. They can come up with a great many. One of the variants of the game can be guessing the name of a fairy tale based on a short passage read. It is also recommended to play the game "Know the fairy tale character." The teacher reads a passage or verbally describes some literary hero, and children should correctly name it.
The next version of the word games based on the works of fiction is the games "Name the positive heroes and their qualities", "Name the negative heroes, than you don't like them."
Можно пересказывать или узнавать сказку по algorithms. For example, the tutor provides several keywords in the correct order (these can be pictures), and the children use them to make up a fairy tale. You can even develop fantasy, invent fairy tales.
Helps to remember the types of literature game "What is it?". The teacher reads a passage of a fairy tale, story or poem, and the children guess the type of literature.
The development of speech and memory of preschoolers
With constant acquaintance with variousin children's works, grammatically correct speech is stored in the memory, and memorizing poems and retelling prose - stories and tales - reinforces these skills. Speakers promote the development of phonemic hearing, kids better pronounce words, and this is important, since the children of the preparatory group are graduates of kindergarten. They need to have the correct speech skills for learning to read in school.
Random and involuntary memory is involved in memorization. When reading works in a poetic form, children still remember passages or individual lines of the work.
Художественная литература для подготовительной kindergarten group is of great importance in the diverse development of children. After reviewing this catalog for reading, parents at home can also engage in the education of the moral qualities of the child with the help of works of famous authors.
