Do you know what fiction is? Fiction: definitions and features

What is fiction?What are its features, why is literature considered art? A huge number of books in most people’s home libraries means that reading and perception of literary works plays an important role in our lives. We offer you to familiarize yourself with the definition of the concept of “fiction”, to find out what genders, types and genres it is divided into, what is remarkable for its language. You will learn about all this and many other things from the material below.

Definition of fiction

Virtually all theorists of literature defineits as art, comparing with painting, music, theater. The bottom line is that in literature, as in any other art, there is an organization of meaningless material into a new form with a specific ideological content. The types of art differ only in material: in music — sounds, in painting — paints, in architecture — building materials. In this vein, literature is special in that its material is only a word and a language.

Thus, literature - all writtentexts, which in turn are divided into groups. This is popular science, reference, educational, scientific, technical and, finally, fiction. We encounter the latter from the first years of life, at school when meeting with the classics of fiction, in adult life, when a person consciously turns to the book of interest to him. Books are a mirror of society. In a broader interpretation, fiction is written works that are of artistic value and have aesthetic value.

Interestingly, such a look is final.formed in the 19th century thanks to the representatives of Romanticism. They viewed artistic reality as aesthetically unique, and writers as special people.

When and how did literature appear?

The answer to this question is trying to find quitelong. How did it all start? In search of answers, people conducted a huge amount of research, refuted and proved a myriad of hypotheses, analyzed the material and the people who created it. As it turned out, classical - Roman and Greek - fiction is not the most ancient. There were also Sumerian, and Egyptian, and Babylonian - refined and developed literature. A very important role is played by oral forms of literature, the beliefs of ancient peoples, the mythology of entire civilizations. The study of any literature begins with myths or similar forms.

Childbirth of fiction

Three genera are distinguished:epic, lyrical and dramatic. The basis of this division is how the content of the work is presented to the reader. If the events are described in detail, the author’s position is removed, various characters are present, their appearance is described in detail, and the leading type of speech is narration, then this is an epic type of literature. In other words, about prose. It includes stories, novels, essays, novels and other similar works.

If the author wants to tell not so much about the eventshow much about the feelings they aroused, he creates works related to lyrics. Within this kind of literature, there are many genres of various sizes and shapes, most of which are characterized by the presence of rhyme, rhythm, and other lyricist elements. In simple words, the lyrics are verses and their variations.

Если предмет изображается в действии, есть the opportunity to play it on stage, to show the viewer and the reader, it is a dramatic kind of literature. Here the voice of the author sounds only in remarks - the author's explanation of the actions and remarks of the main characters. Different plays, tragedies, comedies belong to the dramatic family.

Division by genres

As mentioned above, the kind of literature in itsthe queue includes various genres - historically established groups of works that are combined by certain common features. These are, for example, novels, short stories, novels, comedies, poems, poems. There is also such a thing as a species. For example, the epic view of the novel will be divided into the genres of utopian novel, parable novel, historical novel, and so on. The number of genres of literature is very large. It is interesting that the unification of different genres is popular, and the bolder the combination is, the more original the “creation” of the writer will be.

Language as the main feature of works of art.

To better understand what is artisticliterature and what are its features, should consider the specifics of its language. To date, there is no clear distinction between the concepts of “artistic speech” and “artistic style” in literary criticism. It is easier to simply combine them into the concept of "artistic language."

Artistic speech is multifaceted.There are different styles with their own features and rules that use different language tools. Their choice depends on the author and his ideas. Each style has its own “face” - a set of elements characteristic only for it. Interestingly, in a work of art words and phrases that are not included in the “literary language” can be used - argot, slang words, lexical units from different dialects. Some writers violate the norm deliberately. Any artistic tools perform an aesthetic function. Words-concepts are translated by writers into image words. Features of fiction also include vivid emotionality and expression. It should be noted that another important function of the literature, besides the aesthetic, is communicative. Words in a work of art not only provide information, but also affect readers emotionally.

What is the role of the main tool of the author?

Что такое художественная литература?Let's try to answer this question is available. Fiction is a collection of the best images, ideas, thoughts, words. By the way, words are the main instrument of the author. With their help, the author's idea is realized, the content of the book, an image is created and an impact is made on the addressee.

The value of fiction

World fiction affectspersonality formation and readership. Exaggerate the effect that the artistic text has on the reader's consciousness is very difficult. Verbal art has long been part of our lives. What role does it play? What is fiction? First of all, it's a story. It is passed from generation to generation, carrying in itself the experience and values ​​of our predecessors. The great writers turned to human consciousness and most likely expected that this appeal concerns not only their contemporaries, but also people in the future.

The fact that literature is able to influenceconsciousness, supported by many examples. Often the artistic word played the role of an ideological weapon. In the history of literature there are many cases where the works were used to promote and form a certain opinion. Fiction is a powerful tool with the help of which norms, rules, principles, vision of the world, attitude to the information received can be conveyed to a person.

Conclusion

Reading fiction - mandatorycomponent of the personal development of each person. From books, whether it's novels, poems, or plays, readers learn life, take lessons, get inspiration. Fiction is a storehouse of historical facts, experiences of previous generations, thoughts of the main philosophers of the past and present. No wonder literature is considered art, which with the help of simple words has an effect on consciousness. In addition, the love of books is instilled from birth itself also because reading develops imagination, teaches to represent situations and draw images. All books that are recognized as classic, develop and teach, give knowledge, and Russian fiction is also no exception.