Reading fiction at 2 youngestgroup is a great way for the intellectual and aesthetic education of the younger generation. It has a positive effect on communication skills, as well as on the development of speech skills.
The significance of reading at preschool age
Collective reading fiction in2 youngest group allows an educator to discover through poetic and artistic images to their pupils a world of relationships and human feelings, the beauty of nature, and features of life in society. It enriches the emotional world of children, contributes to the development of their imagination, introduces amazing images of the literary Russian language. Such images differ in the mechanism of influence on the psyche of the child.
For example, reading fiction in the 2 youngest group in the form of stories introduces children to the accuracy and brevity of the word. Poems give an idea of musicality and rhythm.
Hygienic aspects
Reading the work "Moidodyr" in the 2 youngestthe group is directed not only to acquaint preschoolers with poetry. Together with the children, the teacher identifies the basics of a healthy lifestyle, forms the skills of hygiene in their wards. This work can be considered a reference book for the first acquaintance with human hygiene. Reading the work "Moidodyr" in the 2 youngest group can be carried out in the form of a puppet theater, so that the guys not only hear, but also see how to wash themselves, so as not to be sloppy people.
List of books recommended for reading
How best to implement in pre-readingfiction? The younger group (a card file of books can be made up for convenience) is distinguished by the use of a large number of verses and fairy tales that will help the teacher to form a stable interest in reading among the children.
The list of works recommended by the new educational standard includes Russian folklore:
- Tales: “Kolobok”, “Teremok”, “The Wolf and the Seven Little Kids”, “Geese and Swans”, “The Fox and the Hare”, “The Snow Maiden”, “The Cat, the Cock and the Fox”.
- Poems:"Ant-grass ...", "Little finger-boy ...", "Squirrel sits on a cart ...", "Rainbow-arc ...", "Forty, forty ...", "Chiki-chiki-chikalochki ...", "Like our cat ... "," There are three hens on the street ... "," Zarya-Zaryachka ". “We lived with a grandmother ...”, “Shadow, shadow, poteten ...”, “I am going to go to a woman, to my grandfather ...”, “Tili-bom! Tili-bom! ”
In addition to reading fairy tales, poems also in preschool institutions, the teacher uses memorable children's songs for the development of creativity and communication skills of their pupils.
For example, while learning the song “Ship” the children form an idea of the sea, the first acquaintance of the kids with the world of professions is carried out.
Among the poetic works recommended for this age by the GEF, there are:
- "Rhyme with otgadkami" J. Baltvilksa;
- “Rain” by A. Boseva;
- “Hedgehog and Drum”, G. Vieru;
- “Sly hedgehog”, P. Voronko;
- Pencil, N. Zabila;
- “Who will finish it sooner?”, “Masha is not crying,” S. Kaputikyan;
- “Swivel and Gray Clothing” by L. Mileva.
List of prose works for preschoolers
Among the works of this literary genre, which are recommended for reading in preschool institutions, are:
- “Cabbage leaf”, the author E. Behlerova.
- "Frog in the mirror," the author D. Bisset.
- "Little Duckling" by A. Karalyichev.
- "Uhti-Tukhti", author B. Potter.
- “In the toy store”, “Friends”, “Games”, “Scooter”, author Ch. Yancharsky.
Formation of humanity
Reading fiction in junior 2group, such as folk tales, promotes preschoolers to get acquainted with expressive Russian, figurative speech, humor, figurative comparisons. With the help of folk tales, an interest is formed in the younger generation to the traditions of their ancestors, a sense of pride in their country is laid. A child who, at preschool age, learns to empathize with literary heroes, will not experience problems when communicating with peers, adults. It is in the process of reading in the younger generation that such humane qualities as kindness, compassion, justice, care form.
What else does artistic reading matter? The younger group is the optimal age for the development of communication skills, the formation of the foundations of citizenship.
Aesthetic education
With the help of the artistic word, children understandthe beauty of the sound of the Russian language. It gives the children an idea of the moral qualities that a person should possess. V. A. Sukhomlinsky said that reading is a path along which a thinking and intelligent teacher will find an approach to the heart of a child. Contributes to the formation of preschool language forms, verbal characteristics, namely reading in kindergarten. The younger group is the time when it is important to form the poetic vocabulary, emotional mood, metaphors, comparisons, epithets of the younger generation.
Reading functions
Reading literature in the 2 youngest group performseducational function. Children's psychologists consider this process to be a complex mental activity that combines emotional-volitional and intellectual motives. As a characteristic feature of the perception of a work of art, one can single out the mental transfer of the hero of the work to real life. Educators often use role-playing games in the process of reading, emphasizing certain qualities of the main characters of the literary work in question.
Methods of dating preschoolers with literary works
Почему такое большое значение имеет в детском garden reading children? The youngest group is the time when psychologists recommend developing figurative thinking. In order for the book that the tutor reads to be interesting for children, you can use role-playing games, puppet theater.
While reading the book, the teacher changesintonation, focusing on the positive and negative traits of the hero, highlighting certain plot lines. A mandatory element after reading the work is to discuss it. The teacher asks the children questions, answering which, the children form their speech skills. They not only learn to express their thoughts, but also develop communication skills.
How to turn into a real reading performancefairy tales "Gingerbread House"? 2 youngest group can take an active part in the "revitalization" of this work. With the help of facial expressions, movements, armed with soft toys, children can “read” this work together with the teacher.
Speech development
What other function does reading in the 2 youngestgroup? A list of those works that are recommended by the new federal educational standards, we give below, but note that all books should contribute to the development of communication skills of the younger generation.
The preschool program involvesforming in children a certain category of words that denote the names of objects, elementary actions, phrases. All of them are present in the literary works included in the DOW program.
Particular attention is paid to the expansionorientation of preschool children in the existing reality. Short stories, tips, poems, considered in this period in the classroom, contribute to the development of active speech, the development of the ability to ask questions, convey impressions of the heard artistic work.
Role playing while reading
Специальные занятия по развитию речи, которые they are an essential element of the program in preschool institutions; they imply the use of physical activity, an independent role-playing game. The use of visual means: living and inanimate objects, images, toys, pictures is accompanied by words, remarks, allows kids to enrich speech.
Works of folklore,the artistic word, the tricks, jokes, fairy tales - all this implies the use of clarity in the younger preschool age. The teacher shows the action, movement, using toys. The child, listening to the figurative speech, perceives movements in full accordance with the sounded text, reproduces small passages from the heard fairy tale or poem.
Of particular importance is the usepedagogical methods that promote the development and improvement of the independence of preschoolers. Gradually, the tasks that preschoolers should perform are becoming more complex. For example, they not only listen to a fairy tale, but must also describe the appearance of the hero, list the qualities he possesses. Such tasks develop logical thinking in the younger generation, shape the imagination, learn to observe and analyze the phenomena and events that have been seen.
While reading books that are complemented by bright andcolorful illustrations, the teacher focuses the pupils on the image, asks the children to describe the picture. After listening to the work, the teacher suggests that the children reproduce the passages of the book they read. In addition, in the process of reading poetry, the teacher uses the method of collective memorization. The children repeat 1-2 lines of the poem in turn, by reciting them they memorize a small poem.
Thanks to this method of work, the educator fully performs the task assigned to him by the GEF, namely, he forms a harmoniously developed personality.
During role-playing games, children learn to communicate with their peers, use speech to explain their own actions.
Conclusion
In order for preschoolers to form a stable interest in reading, it is important to include in the preschool education program reading books by domestic and foreign authors.
Например, можно вместе с ребятами прочитать A. Blok's poem “Bunny”, then beat him using soft toys. When kids meet the poem by K. Balmont, “Komariki-makariki”, the educator also provides environmental education for his wards.
Д.Mamin-Sibiryak in his stories "The Tale of the Brave Hare - Long Ears, Oblique Eyes, Short Tail"; “The Parable of Moloch, oatmeal Kashka and gray kitty Murka” pays special attention to the beauty of nature, the importance of respect for the outside world. That is why his works are included in the list of books recommended for reading in the 2 youngest group in kindergarten.
What other works are included in this list? These are, for example, the stories of K. Ushinsky: “Vaska”, “The Cockerel with the Family”, “Lisa Patrikeevna”, “Ducks”, “Wind and the Sun”.
Without attention should not remain in kindergarten and the works of A. S. Pushkin. For example, at this age, the children will be interested in his "The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Heroes".
In the list of children's books recommended for the secondJunior group DOW, there are poems by S. Marshak: “Giraffe”, “Zoo”, “Ostrich”, “Zebras”, “Polar Bears”, “Penguin”, “Lebedyonok”, “Camel”, “Eskimo Dog”, “ Monkey "," Where did the sparrow eat? "," The Tale of a Smart Mouse, "" Silent Tale. "
All children's books teach children respect for the environment, other people, contribute to the formation of harmoniously developed personality of preschoolers.
