In everyday life, cardboard surrounds us everywhere.Most often, the association is formed with the packaging of food, toys, footwear, etc. And in fact, this material is used in industry, construction, design, printing and other industries. Types of cardboard, its properties and scope of application consider in detail.
Definition
The word cardboard has Italian roots and means"solid". In our country, GOST R 53636-2009 “Pulp, paper, cardboard. The terms and definitions "regulates as follows:" In the general sense the term "paper" can also be applied to the concept of "cardboard". The difference between paper and cardboard is primarily based on an assessment of their thickness or the mass of an area of 1 m.2and in some cases also their purpose. "Raw materials for the production of cardboard - hard wood fibers. Thus, cardboard is the same paper, but it has more weight and density. With such a blurry definition, the border of a clear definition disappears. In practice, there is paper of increased strength, thickness and thin cardboard.
Features of the structure
All types of cardboard have one thing in common - layering.
Carton classification
There are several options, including German and European. In our country you can find such:
- By type of raw materials: cellulose (cardboard from primary raw materials), waste, kraft cardboards.
- According to the production method: coated, uncoated, cast coating, chromate, chromium cardboard, duplex cardboard, triplex cardboard, cellulose.
- By purpose: container, printing, filtering, for light industry, technical, construction.
- According to the all-Russian classification: packaging, light and printing industries, technical various purposes, construction, filtering, automotive, and others.
The European classification has a letter designation and divides the types of cardboard according to the method of production.
Properties
GOST R 53636-2009 provides a complete list of characteristics of cardboard and paper with links to regulatory documents. The main ones include the following:
- white;
- moisture resistance;
- moisture (the presence of water in the material);
- durability;
- rigidity;
- bending stiffness;
- fat permeability;
- strength;
- the weight;
- density etc.
As can be seen, in order to select certain types of cardboard for a particular application, a sufficiently large range of characteristics is taken into account. Which ones? This will be discussed further.
Cardboard. Types and properties
Consider the basic classification of raw materials in conjunction with the properties:
- Pulp BoardDistinctive feature: it produces high-quality printing. And since primary raw materials are used, the fields of application are food, light industry, and polygraphy. Such products differ in rather high price and good strength properties. Therefore, they are used for exclusive goods, printing and packaging.
- Макулатурный картон.It has less rigidity and low price. Can be used in various activities. When choosing, you should take a thicker version so that when the price of the material decreases, the strength characteristics are preserved.
- Kraft cardboard. Refers to the pure cellulose production. Possesses the increased strength characteristics at the low price. A distinctive feature - the inner side is unbleached.
Special applications
Children's creativity and design are two popular uses for colored cardboard.
- Normal color. It happens unilateral and bilateral. Typically used to create a background.
- With drawings. Usually on a color background repeated patterns, elements are applied.
- Holographic. Unusual material, it expands the field of activity for designers and for children.
- Corrugated.It carries the functions of color, but still is voluminous. This material is used not only for crafts, but also for exclusive designer types of packaging, vintage things for interior decoration.
Types of cardboard for packaging
In this area it is worthwhile to dwell.Cardboard as a packaging firmly entered the life of man. Regardless whether you visited a grocery store, a toy store or household appliances, you will take away the purchase from anywhere in a cardboard box. There are the following types of packaging cardboard: thin and corrugated cardboard.
When choosing a packaging material, pay attention to the following characteristics:
- rigidity;
- strength;
- barrier properties;
- bulk;
- the weight;
- raw material
The popularity of cardboard packaging due to its merits.
Benefits
The main advantages of cardboard packaging include:
- Environmental friendliness. Either wood fiber or waste paper is used. In the first case, hygiene is observed, in the second, the forest is maintained due to recycling.
- Small weight, durability, rigidity. When compared with materials such as polymer boxes, metal boxes, cardboard wins in weight, which saves money on transportation.
- Convenience store. Many use cardboard packaging several times. And when they do not need it, they lay out and get flat sheets that do not take up much space.
- Recycling. This material is unique in that it can be put into recycling or simple recycling, which does not harm the environment.
- Low price. Of course, the cost depends on the raw material base used in the production of cardboard. But still, compared to other types of material, cardboard has a low value.
- A wide product range allows you to perform various types of cardboard boxes. This is a very small gift, and large for the transport of furniture.
With such a list of advantages, of course, there will bea couple of flaws: opacity; collapses under the direct influence of moisture. The first problem is solved by the insertion of polymer films in the form of windows, the second - by special polymer coatings.
