KamAZ trucks began to be built in 1969year. For a new generation of trucks, engineers have created a 4-stroke diesel eight-cylinder engine KAMAZ-740 V8. This power unit had a working volume of 10,852 cm3, and its power was 210 horsepower. Then the power output had to be expanded from 180 hp to 360. These trucks were completed with a clutch pneumatic booster, 5-speed gearbox with synchronizers.
Device of the diesel unit
The design of these motors, when compared withothers, working on diesel fuel, has some advantages. The unit has relatively small dimensions, and also has a smaller mass in comparison with the same YMZ 238.
Torque from the motor to the main components is transmitted through spur gears. So, on the gears are the actuators of the gas distribution system, pumps and compressors, as well as the hydraulic booster.
This engine (KAMAZ 740) has a goodrunning even at very low ambient temperatures. This was made possible by the power of the battery, starter and heater units before starting.
Engine Specs
The model of power plants is called -KAMAZ 740 diesel engine. The cylinders are arranged in a V-shape. The crankshaft rotates to the right. Cylinders have a size of 120 mm, depth - 120 mm. Engine KamAZ 740 with a displacement of 10.85 liters. has a high degree of compression - 17. The power of the passport in kW is from 154 to 210. The maximum torque is 650 kgf / m. The minimum fuel consumption is 165 liters, the maximum - 178 liters. On each cylinder there is one inlet valve and, accordingly, one outlet.
Consider the engine KAMAZ 740, the device of various components and systems.
Cylinder block
This node is nothing but a detail of the case.unit. It is intended for installation and fastening of all mechanisms and basic systems. The cylinder block is made in the form of a monolithic cast structure. The detail has technological openings, and also channels for greasing and cooling.
At the top of this block are nests.under the sleeve. Also the body is equipped with channels and cavities for the passage of coolant. The lower part of the cylinder block also serves as a crankcase. Here is installed crankshaft. Carter has two technological holes for lubrication. Inside the knot has partitions with special stiffening ribs. In these partitions and walls of the crankcase special bores are made, which are closed with lids. These parts serve as supports for the crankshaft.
The block is equipped with supports for the camshaft, and the pushers of the gas distribution mechanism are also located here.
Sleeves serve as guides for pistons.Together with the head of the block, they form a special cavity, which is the combustion chamber of the fuel. The sleeves are made of special cast iron and are hardened by electricity.
The upper part of the plane is represented by heads.cylinders. Each of them with its own head. These parts are made of aluminum. Each head inside has a cooling jacket, which in turn is connected to the jacket of the unit. Also, each head has lubrication holes, valves for inlet and outlet, a special socket for the nozzle.
Device and operation of the lubrication system
Engine KAMAZ 740 is equipped with a lubrication system.combined type. Depending on where the moving parts are located and in what conditions, the oil is supplied in various ways. The system can spray, feed the oil under low pressure, or let it flow by gravity.
The device delivers pressurized oil to the parts,which are more subject to wear and work in especially loaded nodes. This unit consists of the main instruments and devices in which the lubricant is stored, devices for filtering and supplying, as well as oil cooling.
The oil passes from the sump to the oil receiver,passes through a special filter in the form of a grid. Then it goes to the oil pump. From the discharge section through a special channel lubricant is fed into the oil filter, and then to the line. Further, through the lubrication channels under pressure, the cylinder head and the cylinder block are lubricated, and then to other nodes, such as the crankshaft, the gas distribution mechanism, the compressor and the fuel pump.
In the cylinders, excess lubrication is removed by means of the oil wiper rings, and then goes further through the piston grooves. So the support of a piston finger in the top head is greased.
From the main line, oil is supplied toThermosupply sensor. If the valve is open, which includes the fluid coupling, then the coupling is also processed. If it is in the closed position, then from the centrifugal cleaning filters, the liquid is fed into the sump.
If there is not enough lubrication, then power drops, as well as parts endure increased wear, the motor overheats, bearings melt, and pistons can jam.
Engine power supply system KAMAZ 740
Our review does not end here. We reviewed the KamAZ 740 engine itself, the device and the lubrication system. Now let's get acquainted with the power scheme.
Power units are designed to store fuel, clean, and then spray it into the combustion chambers in accordance with the mode of operation of the power unit.
The engine KAMAZ 740 is equipped with a power unit.separation type. The fuel injection pumps and injectors are separated here. The system consists of diesel fuel storage tanks, fuel filters, a low-pressure pump, a fuel pump, and fuel lines.
How it works?
From fuel tanks through a pump forThe swap fuel passes to the cleaning filters. Then, through the network of low-pressure fuel products, diesel fuel is fed to the injection pump. After the injection pump pumps diesel under high pressure in portions, based on the operating modes of the engine, through the nozzles into the cylinders and the combustion chambers. The nozzles, in turn, spray the mixture. Excess diesel fuel gets back into the tank through the bypass valve.
Engine cooling system KAMAZ 740
Cooling is presented in the form of a closed system with a liquid cooler and forced circulation.
In principle, the scheme of operation of this system is no different from the usual for all car brands. If there is a scheme of the engine KamAZ 740, then there can be viewed in more detail.
Coolant circulates under the influence of centrifugalpump. First, the antifreeze enters the cavity of the left row of cylinders, then through the tube into the right cavity. Then the mixture washes cylinder liners, and then through the holes - the cylinder head cavity.
Then the hot cooler enters the thermostats, and then either into the radiator or into the water pump. Temperatures are regulated by thermostats and hydraulic couplings.
Major engine failures
Among the owners of this car are majorFailure of KamAZ 740 engines is considered a sharp decline and power surges, an increase in the consumption of lubricants and fuel. Also a popular problem is the high opacity of the exhaust. Not uncommon and pressure drop in the lubrication system.
The unit may be unstable at idlego, sometimes there are different extraneous sounds in different nodes. Most faults are related to the crankshaft. Coolant leakage possible.
If the unit was used at the limitOpportunities, and more often - if the KamAZ 740 engine did not have proper maintenance, repair is inevitable. But after a major overhaul, the machine will be able to work again in full force, and perhaps even much better.
About prices
Today such a unit can still be purchased.On the engine KamAZ 740 price will be, depending on the configuration and power, from 550,000 rubles for a model with a capacity of 240 liters. from. up to 600,000 rubles for a model with a capacity of 320 liters. from. Of course, you can buy and much cheaper. The market of motors with mileage currently offers a lot of options at lower prices.
So, we found out all the features of the "KAMAZ" engine.
