Acute prostatitis is a common pathology,which is accompanied by inflammation of the prostate gland. The defeat of this organ affects the work of the reproductive and urinary system and causes the appearance of extremely unpleasant symptoms. In the absence of therapy, the disease can lead to the development of dangerous complications.
Therefore, many representatives of the stronger sexAre interested in more information about what constitutes acute prostatitis in men. Symptoms, treatment, causes, possible complications - moments that should be disassembled in more detail.
Summary of pathology
Acute prostatitis (ICD code N 41.0) - pathology, accompanied by inflammation in the lobules of the prostate gland. This organ is located under the bladder and, accordingly, its inflammation affects the work of the urinary system.
According to statistics, prostatitis is the mostcommon male disease. About 30-58% of the representatives of the stronger sex are faced with such a problem. Patients of reproductive age (30-50 years) are often affected.
What are the causes of inflammation?
Воспаление предстательной железы связано с the activity of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. In most cases, the culprit is a non-specific infection, in particular E. coli, streptococci, enterococci, staphylococci, candidal fungi and other representatives of opportunistic microflora, which are most often activated against the background of a local or general decrease in the activity of the immune system.
In addition, infection of tissues with gonococci, chlamydia, ureaplasmas and other microorganisms that are transmitted through sexual intercourse can lead to inflammation.
Hematogenous spread of infection is also possible.For example, pathogenic bacteria along with blood flow into the prostate tissue from other foci of inflammation. Prostatitis is often a complication of chronic tonsillitis, bronchitis, pyoderma, sinusitis, cholecystitis.
Common risk factors
Of course, there are factors, the presence or impact of which increases the likelihood of inflammation in the prostate tissue. Their list includes:
- promiscuous sex; refusing to use barrier contraceptives;
- irregular sex life (leads to stagnant fluid);
- sedentary work, lack of physical activity (causes all the same stagnation of blood, which increases the likelihood of an inflammatory process);
- hypothermia (both single and permanent, which is associated, for example, with the use of non-seasonal clothing, working conditions, extreme sports);
- physical and mental exhaustion;
- chronic sleep deprivation;
- constant stress;
- groin injuries, pelvic surgery, radiation;
- pathological changes in hormonal levels;
- vitamin deficiency;
- reduced activity of the immune system;
- inflammatory diseases in the kidneys, intestines and other nearby organs.
Phases of development of the disease
To date, there are three stages of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland.
Each of them has its own characteristics.
- Catarrhal inflammation is accompanied by a lesion and a change in the mucous and submucosal layer of the ducts, which remove the secret from the prostate lobes.
- Gradually the walls of the ducts swell, as a resultwhich in the follicles of the prostate accumulate mucous and purulent masses. In such cases, acute follicular prostatitis develops - pus accumulates in separate lobules.
- The next stage is parenchymal.A purulent-inflammatory process affects a large number of lobules, after which it spreads to interstitial and parenchymal tissues. If small abscesses merge between themselves with edges, an abscess is formed. If untreated, the abscess may burst, its contents fall into the bladder, perineal tissue, rectum, urethral canal.
Acute prostatitis: symptoms
The clinical picture of this disease has very characteristic features.
- Acute prostatitis begins suddenly.At first, patients note only a rise in temperature. Other symptoms of intoxication gradually appear, in particular headaches, weakness, pain in the whole body, nausea.
- The act of urination is accompanied by pain. Urging to the toilet are increasing, especially at night. Possible urinary retention.
- Patients often complain of pain in the groin, as well as in the pelvic region and lower abdomen. Sometimes the pain extends to the lower back.
- In urine and semen sometimes appear impurities of pus, traces of blood.
- Sexual intercourse is also often accompanied by pain and discomfort. Men note a decrease in libido and the inability to reach orgasm.
- There are also problems with bowel movement. The very act of defecation is accompanied by pain.
Complications against inflammation
Of course, acute prostatitis is extremely unpleasant.disease. In the absence of therapy, the inflammatory process becomes chronic. Pathology affects the quality of sex life, causes problems with erection and ejaculation. This, as well as constant discomfort, in turn, affects the emotional state of the patient - men become more irritable, withdrawn, nervous.
But more serious complications are possible, including:
- abscess formation, which requires surgical intervention;
- the transition of the inflammatory process to neighboring organs (most often the bladder and kidneys are affected);
- impotence;
- inflammation of the prostate sometimes leads to male infertility.
It should be understood that with adequate and on-time therapy, all the above problems can be avoided.
Diagnostic procedures
The manifestation of the patient's characteristic symptoms is sufficient reason to suspect the presence of prostatitis.
Further, some studies are conducted:
- The patient passes blood, urine and sperm samples for analysis. Laboratory testing of these fluids allows you to confirm the presence of an inflammatory process.
- The doctor performs palpation of the prostate gland through the rectum.
- Prostate ultrasound is also performed, which allows the specialist to detect the presence of a cyst and neoplasms, to assess the size and structure of the organ.
- It is important and scraping from the urethra, followed by bacterial seeding.
In the process of diagnosis, the doctor determines the cause of the inflammatory process, ascertains the nature of the pathogen, as well as its reaction to certain medicines.
Treatment of acute prostatitis with medication
Many men face this problem. What should a patient diagnosed with acute prostatitis do?
Medicines are selected individually, as therapy depends on the causes, symptoms and stage of development of the inflammatory process.
- An essential component of therapy is antibiotics that help suppress the activity of the pathogen. If a fungal infection is present, antifungal agents (Fluconazole) should be taken.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs are used.("Nurofen", "Ibuprofen", "Paracetamol"). Glucocorticosteroids also help to cope with inflammation, but they are used in severe cases (for example, in the presence of autoimmune diseases).
- Antispasmodics and analgesics help to cope with pain and eliminate urinary problems.
- Vitamins and immunomodulators help restore the immune system, speed up the healing process and prevent the spread of the inflammatory process.
- After the symptoms of prostatitis begin to disappear, physiotherapeutic procedures, in particular, UHF, prostate massage, electrophoresis, are included in the treatment regimen.
When is surgery necessary?
Treatment of acute prostatitis with drugs in most cases ends successfully. Surgery is performed very rarely and only when indicated:
- the occurrence of an abscess in the tissues of the prostate (requires urgent opening and cleaning);
- therapy with the help of drugs and physiotherapy does not work;
- the appearance of blood in the urine;
- prostatitis has led to the formation of stones in the kidneys, bladder;
- acute urinary retention;
- suspected malignant formation;
- inflammation and accumulation of purulent masses in rectal tissues.
Стоит отметить, что хирургическое иссечение prostate gland (even partial) often leads to unpleasant consequences, including problems with urination, erectile dysfunction. That is why the operation is carried out only in extreme cases.
Effective folk remedies
Treatment of acute prostatitis is possible withmeans of traditional medicine. Medicinal herbs such as chamomile, celandine, sage, motherwort, St. John's wort, and nettle are considered useful. Dry raw materials can be purchased at any pharmacy. Properly prepared decoctions of these herbs have anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and analgesic properties.
Кроме того, справиться с простатитом поможет decoction and juice of fresh parsley. Herbalists practice treatment with a decoction of hazel and aspen bark. Useful on the state of the immune system affect natural honey and walnuts. Of course, before you start using these drugs, you need to ask the doctor for advice.
Proper diet
Acute and chronic prostatitis respond welldrug therapy. An important part of the treatment, however, is the right diet. Patients with inflammation of the prostate gland are recommended to include boiled vegetables, nuts, fresh herbs, milk and dairy products, baked fruits in the diet.
Количество протеина стоит на время ограничить — it is allowed to eat low-fat varieties of fish and meat (boiled and baked), eggs (but not more than two per day). The water regime is also important - for normal functioning, the body needs to get at least 1.5-2 liters of pure water per day.
At the same time, spices, fatty and fried foods, mushrooms, canned foods, legumes, smoked meats, offal, and pastries should be excluded from the diet. Tea, coffee, cocoa, and alcohol are also contraindicated.
Preventive actions
It is much easier to prevent the development of acuteprostatitis, than to undergo a course of treatment. Specific prophylactic agents do not exist, but adherence to some rules will significantly reduce the likelihood of an inflammatory process:
- It is extremely important to maintain personal hygiene and use appropriate cosmetic products.
- Indiscriminate sex life increases the risk of infection. If there are casual sexual contacts, then do not forget about the means of protection.
- Men are advised to maintain physical fitness, engage in feasible sports - this will help prevent stagnation.
- Do not skip scheduled medical examinations.
If you see any warning signs, you should contact a specialist - delay is sometimes very dangerous.
Forecasts: what to expect patients?
Acute prostatitis in men is diagnosedoften enough. In most cases, the ailment responds well to treatment - the treatment ends with complete recovery without any consequences. However, in case of late diagnosis, acute inflammation becomes chronic. The formation of an abscess takes some time, so cases of such complications are rarely recorded.
