Enterocolitis is a fairly common disease,accompanied by inflammation of the mucosa of the small or large intestine. Such a disease can occur for various reasons. Nevertheless, it is important to know how the symptoms of enterocolitis look. After all, a person with similar problems needs the help of a doctor.
Causes and forms of enterocolitis
As already mentioned, the inflammatory process canbe caused by various factors of the internal or external environment. Therefore, before considering the main symptoms of enterocolitis, it is worth to learn about its forms. For today it is accepted to allocate some kinds of an inflammation depending on the reasons of its or his occurrence:
- Alimentary enterocolitis occurs as a result of malnutrition.
- There are also toxic forms of the disease caused by poisoning.
- Helminths and other parasites can also lead to the development of enterocolitis.
- The mechanical form of the disease occurs as a result of prolonged constipation.
- Quite often the inflammation develops against the background of other diseases of the digestive tract. In this case, enterocolitis is called secondary.
- In addition, often the cause is a bacterial infection.
Symptoms of enterocolitis
The acute form of the disease begins,accordingly, is sharp and is accompanied by very clear signs. Abdominal pain, swelling, rumbling, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, fever, weakness, body aches, headache are all symptoms of enterocolitis. In addition, in the presence of bacterial infection in the feces, there is mucus, and sometimes, blood. It is completely different disease, if a person has chronic enterocolitis. Symptoms in such cases are less pronounced, but from time to time there are periods of exacerbation, which are accompanied by pain in the abdomen. In addition, patients suffer from constipation or diarrhea. As a result of the chronic process, the small intestine gradually loses its functions, as a result of which the human body does not receive enough nutrients and nutrients. Therefore, patients can often observe constant fatigue and weakness, weight loss, apathy, beriberi, etc.
Treatment and diagnostics of enterocolitis
As a rule, the diagnosis of acute enterocolitis is notis labor: only blood and feces are needed. In some cases, additional studies, in particular retroscopy, are carried out. As for the treatment, the choice of methods directly depends on the severity and origin of the disease:
- In order to eliminate pain, prescribe antispasmodic and pain medications.
- In some cases, drugs containing enzymes are also used, since it is extremely important to restore intestinal functions during the treatment.
- If there is an infection, antibiotics are used.
- In addition, the patient is given probiotics, which restore the normal composition of the microflora and improve digestion.
- Sometimes enemas are additionally performed using decoctions of medicinal plants.
- With severe vomiting and diarrhea, you need to monitor the drinking regimen to prevent the development of dehydration.
- An extremely important part of the therapy is the right diet, which should include light, healthy food with a low fat content, for example, porridge on the water.
