Pathology of the cardiovascular system is currently in first place among all the others in prevalence.
Few people in the modern world have heard of disturbances in the rhythm of the cardiovascular system. These pathological conditions include the violation of intraventricular conduction of the heart.
Conductive violation does not mean compulsorythe absence of the passage of nerve impulses. This condition only indicates a violation in the guide system, which can manifest as a slowing of the frequency of passage of pulses (and a decrease in rhythm, respectively), and a complete cessation of the passage of pulses (cardiac arrest). Thus, the violation of intraventricular conduction of the heart is manifested by heart block. In accordance with this, all of them are divided into complete (the inability to pass a nerve impulse) and incomplete, in which the nerve impulses are conducted with a lower frequency.
In addition, the violation of intraventricularcardiac conduction can be classified by the lesion site (for example, blockade of the right or left leg of the Guiss bundle). All blockades can be divided into proximal and distal. If we are talking about the distal parts of the nerve fibers of the heart tissue, they are less favorable and require more attention from the doctor.
Another option for blockade classification is persistent (persistent or chronic) and transient (non-persistent or acute).
The reasons that can cause a violation of intraventricular conduction of the heart can be divided into three main groups: organic, functional and medicinal.
Organic - changes in the structure of the conductiveheart systems. Such changes can be observed in myocarditis, coronary heart disease (heart attack, angina, cardiosclerosis and others), congenital malformations, cardiomyopathies, and occasionally after surgical interventions.
Functional changes - changes in workcardiac conduction system in the absence of organic pathology of the cardiovascular system. The main systems regulating the work of the cardiac conduction system are the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. At the same time, the sympathetic system increases conductivity, while the parasympathetic system slows down. Normally, the action of these two systems is balanced, however, when an imbalance occurs, functional shifts in the work of the cardiovascular system are observed. Increased activity of the parasympathetic system - "vagotonia".
Лекарственно обусловленные причины.This group includes drugs, the appointment of which can cause abnormalities in heart rhythm. A feature of this blockade group is the extremely difficult course and torpidity (severity) of treatment.
Violation of intraventricular conductiondiagnosed using electrocardiographic method. In the presence of transient rhythm disturbances, a special ECG type of research is performed - Holter monitoring.
On a standard ECG, it is difficult to judge the localization, therefore, in order to clarify the presence of a proximal or distal blockade, an His bundle electrogram (EPG) is recorded.
To identify the involvement of the nervous system (sympathies and parasympathics) in the occurrence of a blockade, a test with physical activity is carried out.
Thus, the diagnosis of heart disease inThe present time has been developed very clearly and efficiently, which makes it possible to detect a violation of intraventricular conduction of the heart without much difficulty. Treatment of this group of diseases, primarily due to the etiological aspect. That is, treatment in the first place should be aimed at eliminating the cause of the blockade and only secondarily - symptomatic treatment.
