Currently, it is especially widespread in medicalpractice began to encounter all sorts of mental disorders. As a result of high informatization of society, as well as high psychological and emotional congestion of people, there is an increase in the number of cases of mental illness. At the same time, if earlier most of these diseases were peculiar to elderly people, at present the younger generation is exposed to these mental pathologies.
All mental disorders can be divided into: depression, personality disorders, epileptic seizures, schizophrenia and neurotic mental disorders.
Types of violations differ depending onetiological factors, manifestations and age features. So among depressions there are depressions of elderly age and depression of childhood. A separate group includes postpartum depression. Personality disorders are divided into: dissocial, hysterical, neurotic, paranoid, schizoid and emotionally unstable. Separated from all other mental illnesses are such mental disorders as schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa and epilepsy.
Anyway, all mental disordersthe causes of development have their own. Most doctors tend to think about the psychogenic nature. As a result of this, the specific causes that led to the development of a particular mental disorder, most often remain unexplained.
As for nonpsychogenic factors, oneof them may be an infectious disease such as encephalitis or meningitis (which disrupts the normal functioning of the brain). One of the reliably established etiological factors that cause mental disorders is the effect on the body of specific chemicals (which can be part of the components of food, medicines, and industrial and domestic poisons).
Возможно развитие психических нарушением под the impact of disruption of the functioning of other organs and systems. Such etiological agents can be: exhaustion, a lack of vitamins, as well as violations in the endocrine system.
One of the reasons for the formation of mentalDeviations is a brain trauma. In addition, it is possible to develop this list of diseases and as a result of pathological processes occurring in the brain (oncological diseases of the brain, its strokes and infarcts).
Most often recently, mental illnesses develop as a result of intoxication (alcohol and drugs).
Кроме всего выше перечисленного, для некоторых pathologies, for example, schizophrenia and others, inherent in inheritance. The likelihood of developing mental disorders is several times higher in cases of having such a disease in relatives.
As for the manifestations of mental disorders, there are a huge number of them, ranging from hallucinations and delusions, to memory and consciousness disorders.
Treatment of mental disorders, as a rule, long and multicomponent. The effectiveness of the treatment is not always high.
To measures for the prevention of mental disordersinclude timely prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and organic pathologies of the brain, elimination of contact with psychotropic poisons and other chemical compounds. In addition, in difficult life situations it is recommended to visit psychologists and psychotherapists who will help to understand the situation and avoid the development of depression.
