Occlusive dressing - a special kind of firstsurgical care, which is provided for injuries to the chest. With a through wound, the pressure inside it becomes the same with the outside (atmospheric), which makes the breathing process impossible. This phenomenon is called pneumothorax. To prevent air from entering through the "extra" hole, it is necessary to seal the wound. This is the purpose of occlusive dressings.
Without a doubt, the main task for such injuries remains as soon as possible to take the wounded to an experienced surgeon. So that he lived to the hospital, just used occlusive dressings.
Dressing for minor injuries
Wounds come in different sizes.The occlusal dressing technique depends on this. If the hole is small, the wounded one is sitting, the skin around the wound is disinfected with the antiseptic that is at hand. It is also desirable to introduce a painkiller. A sterile pad (rubberized) is placed on the wound. Care should be taken to ensure that the entire process proceeds as you exhale. Then something is applied that guarantees the tightness of occlusive dressings - oilcloth, plastic bag, rubber. This material should be wider than the wound itself. To improve the sealing edge of the superimposed piece can be glued to the skin with adhesive tape or tape. And already on top of the whole structure is fixed with bandages. The wound, if it is at shoulder level, is bandaged spirally, if lower, with a spikelet.
Dressing with extensive damage
If the wound is significant in size, occlusalbandage with open pneumothorax overlaps somewhat differently. Firstly, the victim is not sitting, but reclining. The skin at the edges of the wound should be cleaned with yodonate. Anesthesia is necessary, otherwise the person risks dying from a painful shock. It is not a pillow that is superimposed on the injury site, but a sterile napkin or bandage, previously folded several times. The skin around it is smeared with petroleum jelly for better adhesion of the sealant, and it should be wider than in the first case. Next comes a tampon made of cotton and gauze, which are ten centimeters wider than the oilcloth. Fixation of such occlusive dressings is made according to the same rules by which they are fixed for minor injuries. The only difference is that one must make sure that the dressings are dry and that all parts are securely fastened.
After applying occlusive dressings toadmission of the wounded to the hospital must be closely monitored for his condition. If breathing difficulties are noticed, palpitations become more frequent, copious sweat starts to stand out, the face or lips turn blue - the occlusive one is immediately replaced by aseptic one.
Occlusive dressing for other diseases
It is used to treat thrombophlebitis, trophic and varicose wounds. In principle, its use in this case is controlled by the attending physician, but it is necessary to know about it.
Unlike dressings with violentchest injuries, gelatin, zinc oxide and glycerin are part of the medical occlusive dressings. Such mixtures can be purchased at the nearest pharmacy, you can do it yourself. All components are mixed in the right proportions and heated on a water bath to a creamy state. The foot is smeared with a warm composition, bandaged on top, then again ointment and again a bandage - five to six layers. These are applied over a month and are very helpful in treating. Occlusal they are called because they require a tight overlay.
