Chickenpox (chickenpox) refers to diseasesinfectious nature. It is caused by the herpes virus. Chickenpox is mainly caused by children and adolescents under 12 years of age, but in some cases adults (under 45 years of age) also suffer from it. Is the manifestation of chickenpox easy?
Pathogen of the disease
The causative agent of chickenpox is a herpes virus. He cannot be in the environment for a long time. The virus dies within 10 minutes under the influence of the sun, high temperatures and ultraviolet rays.
It is easily transmitted from person to person becausethat has the ability to move quickly in space. In some cases, children develop mild chickenpox, the symptoms of which will be described later.
In children or people who have not had it before,the probability of infection is 100%. After the disease, a person develops a strong immunity, and the virus in an inactive state remains in the body for life. In diseases that cause a weakening of the immune system, and under stress in an adult, herpes zoster can occur.
Ways to infect chickenpox
Chickenpox in mild form (photo below) is quite common in children.
It is not hard to get under the influence of varicella viruses. Main the source of danger is a sick person. The microorganism has the ability to move in the air at different distances in a short period of time. Sources of the spread of the disease are:
- a sick man;
- closed room;
- dry air.
Infection is carried out indoors by airborne droplets. The patient produces viruses that are in the saliva. It usually spreads microorganisms during coughing and sneezing.
In this way, infection of chickenpox occurs.smallpox in kindergartens, schools and other crowded places. There is no epidemic in institutions, because the majority of adults had this disease at an early age. After all, even in childhood, they were faced with chickenpox, and the body developed a strong immunity. The most common infection occurs in autumn, winter and early spring.
In some cases, the symptoms of chickenpox are mild in adults.
In newborns up to 6 months in the blood are antibodies that were transmitted to him by his mother, who had previously suffered from this disease. 97% of the population after recovery are resistant to chickenpox immunity.
Incubation period of the disease
Chickenpox has a long incubation period, which ranges from 7 to 21 days. After this period, symptoms characteristic of this disease occur. How is chickenpox in mild form?
The initial period in all forms of the diseaselook like Once in the body, the virus initially strengthens on the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and begins its adaptation, as well as reproduction in the body. After accumulation, it enters the bloodstream of the patient.
When a certain concentration occurs in itviruses, the response of the immune system begins to manifest itself in the form of a reaction: fever, weakness and headache. This condition can be observed within 1-2 days and is called the prodromal period. After it, rashes characteristic of chickenpox begin to appear on the skin.
Chicken Pox Symptoms
What are the manifestations of chickenpox in mild form? After a late period of the disease begins its sharp and rapid development. First appears:
- general weakness;
- temperature rise to 38-39 degrees;
- lack of appetite;
- headache.
Simultaneously with these symptoms, a rash appears. In some cases, there is an increase in lymph nodes.
Chicken pox rash initially manifestsin the form of specks of red color, having a size in the range of 2.5 mm. Over time, they are filled with yellowish liquid, itching and delivering unpleasant moments to children.
After two days, bubbles with liquid beginburst, then they dry up, and a crust forms on them. At the site of lesions pigmentation forms, which disappears over time. If you scratch the wound, then a small scar may appear in its place.
A rash can occur not only on the body, but also on the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and external genitals. Rash is found on the scalp, back, lower and upper limbs, abdomen.
New acne appears on the body every 2 days,after some time, several types of them can be seen on the patient's body: nodules, vesicles and crusts. The number of rashes for the entire period can vary from 200 to 300 pieces.
Windmill forms
The disease on the nature of the course is:
- Lung.How does the mild form of windmill flow? In this case, the patient's condition is assessed as satisfactory, the temperature is within the normal range or rises to 38 degrees. The rash lasts about 4 days, and their number is insignificant.
- Average. Headache, weakness, high temperature (above 38 degrees), rashes in large quantities for about 5 days.
- Heavy Nausea, vomiting, temperature above 40 degrees, profuse rash for 9 days.
Basically, chickenpox in children in the form of light, photo rash can be seen in the article.
This is due to the absence of diseases in babies,which weaken the immune system. When a child does not have pathologies of a chronic nature, he is eating a balanced diet, then the chickenpox will pass off easily. The baby will feel some irritation due to the appearance of a skin rash. To reduce the effect of this symptom can, if you follow all the recommendations of the doctor.
Features of windmill in mild form
Mild disease occurs in children up to7 years old. Breast-fed babies rarely get chickenpox because they have antibodies to the disease (if the mother has had it herself).
In mild form, the child feels as usual: cheerful and active. However, it must be protected from contact with other children, as chickenpox is infectious.
What does a chicken pox look like in a light form?Signs of a mild form are: weakness, dizziness, a single rash, which can occur both on the body and on the mucous membranes. If the child does not comb them, they will dry up on the 2-3rd day. If an infection gets in the wounds, the healing process can take from 14 to 21 days. Then the crusts will disappear, and small scars will remain on the skin.
Symptoms of the disease in adults
In adults, the light form of chickenpox (photopresented below) is either absent or extremely rare. This is due to the fact that they have chronic diseases or bad habits. Usually, chickenpox affects a weak spot in the body - an organ that is affected.
In this case, there may be:
- laryngitis, bronchitis;
- heart failure;
- myositis, arthritis;
- nephritis, hepatitis.
Such complications occur not only in children andadolescents, but also in newborns with a weakened immune system. Infants are affected by infants up to 6 months of age who are bottle-fed and do not have antibodies to it. In this case, the doctor prescribes a special treatment.
A severe form of the disease is usually associated with a bacterial infection.
Treatment of the disease
How easy the chickenpox proceeds and itstreatment? When all the symptoms of the disease have minor signs, then special therapy is not needed. The doctor will not prescribe antiviral drugs, but will only prescribe means to reduce itching and prevent an allergic reaction.
In order for the patient's body to fight viruses, the following is necessary:
- light diet, including dairy and vegetable dishes;
- excessive drinking in the form of compotes or fruit drinks;
- walk in the open air, if there is no temperature;
- After bathing, lubricate the rash with zinc oxide.
The treatment of the rash with "Brilliant Green" is not carried out, because its effectiveness has not been proven.
After the discovery of the last pimple, the patient will be considered infectious for another five days.
When walking the disease can not be transmittedhealthy people. When a virus enters the open space within 5-10 minutes, its destruction occurs. He is afraid of sunlight, heat and heat.
The herpes virus is not transmitted to third parties through toys or household items.
Proper parental behavior in children with chickenpox
When chickenpox occurs in children must comply with bed rest. Due to the infectious nature of the child’s illness, they are isolated from contact with other children.
Be sure to treat the sites of lesions with drugs that the doctor has prescribed. To do this, use a concentrated solution of potassium permanganate or cream "Acyclovir".
In case of illness, patients must follow the rules of hygiene: often change bed and underwear. You can take a shower.
Even with the symptoms of chickenpox in mild andpassing without raising the temperature you must observe the drinking mode. Drink in small sips. Indeed, toxins leave the body together with the urine, which helps the patient to recover faster.
The child must be provided with a dietaryfood with the exception of food products that can cause an increase in the number of rashes. Food should consist mainly of vegetable and dairy dishes.
Disease complication
With proper treatment and respect for personalHygiene complications of the disease occur in rare cases. The most serious of its course occurs with suppuration of the rash, when pathogenic microorganisms enter it. In this case, the wounds are treated with antibacterial ointments.
Complications occur in children:
- with cancer;
- first year of life;
- with pathologies of the immune system.
In such cases, children develop chickenpox.atypical form with intoxication of the body, with the development of sepsis and damage to the lungs, liver, kidneys, and gastrointestinal organs. A child can be diagnosed with viral pneumonia and inflammation of the brain.
In adults, the disease is complicated by the lack ofher special attention. The danger in these patients is the occurrence of inflammatory processes that affect internal organs. Sometimes a bacterial infection joins this process.
The most common complications in adults:
- tracheitis, pneumonia;
- difficulty eating because of a rash in the mouth;
- encephalitis, meningitis;
- diseases of the heart and blood vessels (myocarditis and thrombophlebitis);
- inflammation of the genital organs in men and women.
In order to avoid complications, it is necessary to begin antiviral treatment as early as possible.
Prevention of chickenpox
For the prevention of disease in children is usedvaccination. It is held for children older than 1 year. The vaccine protects the child's body from the disease for 10 years. Sometimes vaccinated children get sick, but the disease is mild.
The introduction of the vaccine is necessary especially for womenwho are planning to get pregnant soon. Emergency prophylaxis can be carried out if there is contact with the carrier of the disease. To prevent the development of chickenpox, vaccination should be done within 48-72 hours thereafter.
Chickenpox is a disease that requires a correct and competent approach to treatment, even with its mild form. Only in this case, the patient will have a quick cure and will not have complications.
