Military District is a combined-arms union,located in a certain area. In many states, it is common to divide the territory of the country into districts for various military events. Russia adheres to the same division. New military districts of the Russian Federation are being formed to optimize the management of the Armed Forces of Russia.
Military District History
В Российской Империи округа появились в 1862-1864 years At first there were fifteen. In the nineteenth century, after the abolition of serfdom, the term of military service was reduced to six years. And those who were exempted from service were credited to the militia. The structure of the military districts consisted of the council, headquarters, management of the commissaries, artillery, engineering and military medical departments, inspection of military hospitals.
For the First World War the number of military districtsreduced to thirteen, in the RSFSR - to eleven. In the USSR at the beginning of World War II, there were sixteen military districts. The Western, Baltic, Kiev and Leningrad were transformed into the Western, Northern, North-Western and South-Western front. In the remaining districts, mobilization work was carried out. Already in August 1941, two hundred ninety-one divisions and ninety-four brigades from internal formations went to the army. The number of military districts in the war years varied, since some of them also transformed into fronts.
After the war, the fronts were again transformed intomilitary districts. In addition to the existing ones, new ones were created. In total immediately after the war, there were thirty-two districts. However, by 1948 their number again decreased by several times. In 1983 in the USSR there were sixteen of them again.
The military districts of the Russian Federation were reduced to five, and in 2010 - to four. Now they are called: South, West, East and Central. At last, we dwell in more detail.
Central Military District
In the course of the reform carried out in 2008-2010, the Central Military District was established by the Decree of the President of September 20, 2010 on the territories of the Volga region, the Urals and Siberia.
This is the largest Russian military district,located on an area of seven million sixty thousand square kilometers, which is more than forty percent of the territory of Russia, with a population of about sixty million people (thirty-nine percent of the population).
History of Central Military District
December 1, 2010 was formedCentral Military District. Ekaterinburg became the city where its headquarters was located. The Central Military District included troops of the Volga-Ural and Siberian military districts, as well as the Second Command of the Air Force and Air Defense. The Central Military District troops are located in three federal districts: the Urals, the Volga and the Siberian.
Командующий войсками Центрального военного округа subordinate to all types and types of troops of Russia, except for space and missile strategic purposes. Also in his subordination are other departments, such as the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Border Guard Service, the Emergencies Ministry and other departments and ministries that perform certain tasks in the district.
Headquarters
The headquarters of the Central Military District is located in the Sverdlovsk region in the city of Yekaterinburg. The address of the headquarters: the city of Yekaterinburg, Lenin street, house 71, index - 620219.
CVO Command
From the beginning of the formation of the Central Military District, Lieutenant-General Chirkin VV was appointed acting Commander, and from the following year he became the Commander of the Central Military District.
In 2012, three people changed their posts at once:
- Gerasimov V.V., Colonel-General (since April).
- Dvornikov AV, Major General (acting since November).
- Bogdanovsky N.V., Colonel-General (from December).
Zarudnitsky V.B.replaced on the post of Colonel-General N.V. Bogdanovsky, who held this position since the end of 2012. By the way, N.V. Bogdanovsky did not resign, but on the contrary, occupied the newly restored post of deputy head of the General Staff of the Russian Federation.
CVO structure
Central Military District combinesgeneral armies (as part of the Second Guards Red Banner General Army and the Forty-first General Arm Forces), combined-arms units (second Command of the Air Force and Anti-Air Defense), military units and all-round support organizations (two hundred and first Gatchina Order of Zhukov, two Red Banner military base and air base " Kant "in Kyrgyzstan).
Modernization of the Armed Forces of Russia
В 2011 году была принята Государственная armament program for 2011-2020. A large-scale replacement of outdated equipment with a modern one and its updating is being carried out. The military districts of the Russian Federation have already received a significant amount of modern military equipment and this work will continue.
However, due to the economic and political crisisthe re-equipment program of the Armed Forces of Russia may take a longer time than previously scheduled. Both the president and the prime minister have already spoken about this. According to V.V. Putin’s term of the program will have to increase, and D.A. Medvedev said that the defense budget in 2015 will be reduced by five percent and that, in general, the expenses stated in the state program in the amount of more than twenty trillion rubles need to be adjusted.
Однако, несмотря на сложность ситуации, the state program continues to function and all military districts receive updated modern equipment, including the Central Military District of the Russian Federation. In 2014, the ground forces had 294 repaired and modernized tanks, 296 past repairs and new armored vehicles, almost five thousand vehicles. The missile units received two Iskander-M missile systems and two S-300V4 anti-aircraft complexes.
У ВВС появилось на вооружении 142 самолета и 135 helicopters of different types. Three new submarines were delivered to the Navy: the missile carrier Vladimir Monomakh, the nuclear submarine Severodvinsk and Novorossiysk. In the coming years, five ships and ten combat boats will be commissioned.
Marine strategic nuclear forces receivednuclear submarine missile cruiser "Yuri Dolgoruky", ballistic missiles R-30 "Bulava". In general, last year the fleet was replenished with 22 missiles for submarines. New launches were built at the Plesetsk cosmodrome by EKR troops. They also put on duty two radar stations. The other two began an experimental combat duty.
Strategic Missile Forces replenished with three regiments, which are armed with RK "Yars". The Strategic Missile Forces built sixteen intercontinental missiles.
Airborne troops in 2015, after the military tests of the previous year, will receive sixty-four BMD-4M and twenty BTR-MDM armored personnel carriers.
The existing equipment is constantly being repaired and modernized.
The military department creates types of equipment with similar characteristics purchased abroad, due to which it is planned to substantially reduce the cost of re-equipping the army.
CVO Modernization
By the spring of 2015, the Central Military District has already received new ones.EW training complexes, modernized navigators and the newest thermal imagers for intelligence officers, the latest Tachyon drones, the migrant digital communications complex, 1P63 collimator sights, and the Patriot UAZ vehicles.
Events in military districts in 2014
Last year, on the orders of the Commander-in-Chief, sudden tests of combat readiness continued. They touched the Western, Eastern and Central military districts.
Their main goal is to check the condition of the troops and their combat readiness.
The inspection of the ground forces focused on the preparation of battalion tactical groups and command and control bodies for performing tasks in unfamiliar terrain.
The Air Force during the inspections increased the pilots' airspace, and the Navy - the build up of seamen.
The number of parachute jumps in the Airborne Forces has increased by sixty percent.
In the framework of the project “Tank biathlon” and “Aviadarts”one hundred and twenty-five competitions of tankers and eighty-five pilots. More than six hundred tanks and five hundred aircraft were involved in them. In total, eighty-seven thousand people took part in all sports events and competitions.
Started the work of the National Control Centerdefense intended for tracking and control of troops. This Center is able to manage individual units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, interdepartmental and even international groups.
In each of the military districts begansimilar control centers that interact with the main center and troops. Such an organization ensures high combat capability of the troops, based on the correct and timely making of the necessary decisions.
CSO exercises in 2015
The main exercises of the Russian army in 2015will be the exercises "Center-2015", which will be held on the territory of the Central Military District. It will be attended by the troops of the Central Military District, the military personnel of various power structures. In total, the number of troops will be tens of thousands.
Мероприятия будут проходить в незнакомых locations. In some regions, the mobilization task will be completed. All types of the newest weapons will be involved, in the process of application of which research questions will also be solved. The commanders of battalion tactical groups should use all possible forces and means, reducing, as far as possible, the time for decision-making.
