Currently in Russia providednormal working week, which can not be more than 40 hours. This is stated in Article 91 of the Labor Code. That is why there is an 8-hour working day during which each employee of the organization performs his official duties. Lunch break in this period of time is not included and is not paid.
From the history
In November 1917, very much happened in Russiasignificant event that changed the lives of many workers of the time. A decree was passed that established an 8-hour working day. By this time, in many countries there was an exhausting struggle to reduce the shift of workers.
Subsequently, the 8-hour working day lost itsrelevance, and in 1928-1933, the transition was made to the 7-hour period of service activity. The duration of the work week was 42 hours. After the start of World War II, the 8-hour workday was set again. Then he was again abolished. And only in 1991 a law was passed to protect the rights of workers, in which it was stated that the duration of the work week can not exceed 40 hours. This laid enshrined in the Labor Code.
Break
In accordance with labor lawRussia, every employee has the right to rest and eat. Breaks at 8-hour working day can not last more than two hours. Nevertheless, lunch can not be less than thirty minutes. It should also be noted here that the break for rest and meals is not included in the working time of the worker. And therefore not paid.
Example
The employee goes to work on the establishedschedule from 8:00 to 17:00. In fact, she performs her duties for 8 hours a day. Because she has a five-day work week. In addition, one hour is given to her to rest and eat. This is stipulated by the legislation and labor regulations. She cannot disobey them. If you set her working day without lunch, it will be a violation of labor laws.
Is it productive
In modern life, the question of reducing orthe increase in the working day and in general about the duration of the work week is quite acute. Of course, all state and municipal enterprises are accustomed to the fact that the working day begins at 8 am and ends at 5 pm. Is it productive? And how much can an employee do during this time? Many entrepreneurs believe that a person is able to work well and productively only for a few hours. After that, the subordinate is just distracted. Therefore, with an 8-hour workday, it is difficult for an employee to fulfill all the instructions of the management competently and quickly.
Not so long ago, in 2010, Mikhail Prokhorovproposed to increase the current duration of the work week by as much as 20 hours. However, no one particularly supported his idea. After all, a person, except for work, should rest and be engaged in other, equally important things.
How to plan your work time
Many citizens of ours ask this question.countries that have work. An 8-hour working day implies that a person must perform certain official duties and instructions from management throughout this time. Therefore, it is important not to be distracted and not to engage in their own personal affairs. This is especially not worth doing in the case when the head of the organization is not very good at his employee.
A person must learn to perform the most important work first, and then deal with the remaining documents (if it comes to the office).
Example
The company got three new employees at once.Accordingly, the personnel specialist added the work that needed to be done immediately. In addition, he needed to draw up additional agreements to existing labor contracts. The specialist began to engage in both of them, in the end, did not have time.
Schedule
Every organization or enterprise existswork schedule. It is called a schedule. It reflects the beginning of work and its end. It is also necessary to indicate the work schedule in the employment contract with the employee. After all, to infringe the rights of the citizen is simply unacceptable. What is it about?
Допустим, человеку, трудящемуся в организации, An 8-hour working day is established. The schedule of the duration of his work should be strictly limited to this period of time. After that, detain an employee at the workplace is unacceptable. He has the right to rest and practice his personal affairs.
In addition, lunch at an 8-hour workday can not be less than 30 minutes. This rule is enshrined in labor law.
Other categories
According to the general rule, work weekis 40 hours. This means that each working day accounts for eight hours. But there are always exceptions to the general rule. For example, for some categories of workers, the average working time per day may be less.
Thus, employees of educational institutions can not perform their duties more than 36 hours a week. Accordingly, their working day will be less than eight hours.
Medical staff must workno more than 39 hours a week. Therefore, with a five-day work week, the duration of their work activity per day will be no more than seven and a half hours.
pros
During the working day, which is 8hours, the employee manages to do a lot of good things and fulfill all the instructions of the leadership, perhaps even visit other institutions. In addition, we should not forget that citizens who work in enterprises on such a schedule can safely go to the hospital, take a vacation. On weekends and holidays they will not have to work either. Because their salary is fixed and is written in the employment contract.
The management of the organization always sees the advantagesthe eight-hour workday is that subordinates are under their control all this time, which means they will be better at fulfilling their duties and will not be able to go home earlier.
In addition, with such a stable schedulecan make time for lunch. With an eight-hour working day, it is no less than thirty minutes, but in most organizations this takes up an entire hour. This period of time is not paid, but the employee is given the opportunity to relax, to escape, normally, take his time, have lunch. This is his legal right, which is provided for by labor law and contract. And no one can attack him.
Minuses
Most people work in enterprises and inorganizations where an 8-hour working day is established (lunch usually lasts one hour), which is quite convenient. Nevertheless, many still believe that it would be better to shorten the period of performance. This is especially true of people engaged in heavy physical labor. This is primarily due to the fact that people are very tired, as a result of which they do not always have time to complete their tasks. For workers it is a minus, and for unscrupulous heads of organizations, on the contrary, is a big plus. After all, a person tired after an 8-hour workday will not demand an increase in position and salary, because he will no longer have free time for this. He is not able to develop and set new goals and objectives.
Люди, работающие по стандартному графику, чаще they spend their free time at home in front of the TV and computer; they don’t want to play sports. In the two days off, they go to the store for shopping and collect a lot of unnecessary things and products. Because after work you don’t always want to go to the supermarket for a new batch of fruits and vegetables.
In addition, office staff during the 8-hourof the day very quickly gaining excess weight. After all, you need to spend all the time sitting at the table at the computer, and at lunchtime you want to eat something delicious. The movements of such workers are minimal.
People who work 8 hours a day are sick very often. In this regard, their incomes are reduced, and costs increase.
When can the working day be reduced?
Normally at 40-hour week work dayis 8 hours. At this time, the lunch break is not included, that is, it is not paid. Before the holiday, working hours should be reduced by one hour. This rule is enshrined in the TC. In addition, persons who work in another part-time organization should work there for no more than four hours. On weekends, they are allowed to work a full shift.
In addition, an eight-hour working day may bereduced for certain categories of employees. For example, for women in the situation, mothers with children under 14 or disabled under 18, people who care for sick relatives. Citizens who are on parental leave but are forced to continue their work should be given part-time work (4 hours).
Important
Несмотря на то что большинство людей трудятся на enterprises for 8 hours a day, the effectiveness of their work from this does not grow. Because employees who have a stable salary, independent of productivity, are not interested in fulfilling their duties more quickly. Because it does not affect the payment of their labor. This is despite the fact that all official activities are under the control of management. Lunch break at an 8-hour working day should be at least thirty minutes, but not more than two hours.
All employees working in this mode are entitled to leave and sick leave. Payment of the latter will depend on the experience of the subordinate.
A citizen who works for eight hoursday, can not always immediately complete its tasks. But even in this case, the head of the enterprise cannot detain him on the spot after the expiration of the working time.
