Subjects of the Russian Federation 85, to themThis includes republics and territories, regions and cities of federal significance, autonomous regions and autonomous regions. All of them have their capitals - the main cities in which the authorities are located.
The capital of the Altai Territory
The cause and history of
The founder of the city is considered the Siberianindustrialist Akinfiy Demidov. The place of the confluence of the river Barnaulka in the Ob was chosen by him for the construction of a copper smelter. In honor of this tributary in 1730 the city was founded, called Barnaul. What area covered it in those days? Tomsk province, the district city of which it becomes in 1822. Before that, immediately after the death of Demidov, in 1745, the Kolyvan-Voskresensky mining district was formed around Barnaul, so named after the oldest local plant.
The beginning of rapid development
And in 1750, after the transition BarnaulThe plant was owned by the Romanovs, 17 furnaces were commissioned here, and Barnaul itself (the mining and processing industry) began to acquire the features of a “mountain city”, the status of which it will receive in 1771. Experienced specialists are starting to come here, one of whom was Ivan Polzunov, who produced the world's first steam engine. Her tests were conducted on the shore of Barnaulka in 1766. The city becomes an industrial and cultural center (already in 1764, a technical library opens here, in which there are 7,000 books), and is quickly rebuilt according to St. Petersburg projects. He was so good that the traveler P. P. Semenov-Tian-Shansky called him "Siberian Athens."
Unique feature
The city has a glorious history, but there is onea distinctive feature that only Barnaul possesses in the entire territory of the Russian Federation. What area surrounds it? Barnaul urban agglomeration, consisting of two urban districts and one municipal district (the city of Novoaltaisk, Barnaul, Pervomaisky district). The only territorial unit of Russia with a similar scheme that has passed the approval procedure in the Ministry of Regional Development is located in the north-east of the Altai Territory. The population is rapidly approaching a million people. This is explained by the fact that the area is industrial and rich in minerals. In addition to cobalt, nickel, coal, iron ore and precious metals, the region where Barnaul appeared in 1730 is famous for the inexhaustible deposits of porphyry, jasper, rare-colored marbles and drinking water reserves. On the maps of Russia, he first appeared in 1745 (in the Russian Atlas, published in St. Petersburg).
Modern history
The city is famous for its theaters. Not every regional center has so many of them, moreover, they are located in very distinctive buildings, which gives them additional charm.
In Barnaul in 1823, the first inauguratedUral museum of local lore. And in 2012, a unique Mountain Pharmacy of its kind was opened in the building, which is a historical monument. There are modern museums, one of them is dedicated to V. M. Shukshin, a native of these places. One of the regional drama theaters is named after him. Barnaul is a prosperous, modern city.
Endangered villages
True, in Russia for now (this is a keyword) there is another settlement, called Barnaul. What region surrounds this former village? Kurgan. The village belongs to the “endangered”, although once there were a collective farm, a village council, the number of inhabitants was approaching 400 m. Now the memory of him is kept by a three-tiered obelisk dedicated to the fallen soldiers, and a rural cemetery.
