For the last ten years in the politicalIn everyday life, such a notion as the color revolution took root. What is it? How does this form of protest arise? What is it manifested in? Who finances it, prepares and inspires it? Let's take everything in order.
Today under the color revolutionsto mean mass riots and protests of the population of a country that are carried out with the support of foreign non-governmental organizations. Usually the result of such actions is the change of political regime, but without military participation. At the same time, the ruling elite is changing.
Отдаленно праобразом цветных революций можно To name the Iranian coup of 1953, when as a result of the actions authorized by the States, Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh was overthrown. At the present time, there is no consensus on what kind of events can be attributed to the type of political technologies considered in our article. Thus, the official right to be considered colored was given to: "Bulldozer revolution" (Yugoslavia, 2000), "Rose revolution" (Georgia, 2003), "Orange revolution" (Ukraine, 2004), "Tulip revolution" (Kyrgyzstan, 2005) ). Some researchers are trying to look deeper and include the "Carnation Revolution" (Lisbon, 1974), which resulted in a bloodless coup, and the fascist dictatorship was replaced by a liberal-democratic system. But this example still should not be taken for a color revolution, since the Portuguese coup was organized by the military. The main actors of the remaining protests in question are civilians, and in the first place - active, opposition-minded young people.
Color revolution: causes
1. The deepest internal crisis (economic and political) of a new independent state in which events took place.
2. The undivided desire of the superpower and other forces that are interested in influence and division, in the promotion of their interests.
3. Problems in the economic sphere, especially in the social economy, leading to destabilization in the state: poverty of a large mass of the population, lack of a middle class.
In addition, as a prerequisite for colorRevolution, there is also a problem such as the government's reluctance to cooperate with the opposition, its ignoring, and sometimes suppression. Allegorically one can imagine the threat of revolution in the country as a human disease, the symptoms of which indicate that something is wrong with the body. Well, if you do not pay any attention to these signs, then the ruling authorities will not cure the disease, but, on the contrary, drive it deeper, where it will develop and progress. At one uninterrupted moment, the "illness" will break out, but then it will be stopped much more difficult.
But color revolutions can not only bea consequence of the fact that not everything is in order within the state. They may be needed by someone, not only by those who implemented them, but also by those who organized, "paid". As a rule, such stakeholders provide political and financial support from afar - they do not directly attend the streets and squares, but carefully follow the reports of the performers and the actions of the striking masses.
Color revolution: structure
Any revolution, especially color, hasstructure. Conditionally it can be represented in the form of a three-tiered pyramid. At the very top are "sponsors" of the protest - high-ranking patrons of the mass of revolutionaries. These are individuals, but more often groups of people who are engaged in training, referral, financing, and creating optimal information support for the protest. Directly, this stage never acts, despite all its influence, but only through intermediaries, which allows them, the "sponsors", to keep a worthy face in the eyes of the world community.
Средний ярус составляют непосредственные organizers of the coup. The color revolution here, as a rule, has a group of young active people of a pro-Western orientation. This category includes, on the one hand, specialists in the field of PR and propaganda (journalists, professional psychologists) who help create a background, a revolutionary mood, so that the people of the people have a sharply negative view of the existing authorities. The second category of organizers is the "showcase" (young politicians who are distinguished by eloquence and charisma).
На третий, нижний и самый многочисленный ярус – these are ordinary people, the people, which is necessary to create mass protest actions in the city squares and streets. At the same time, some of them become revolutionaries solely for ideological reasons, while others are ready to go out to meetings with slogans and banners for very considerable money in any weather.
