The first Russian revolution is a whole chainevents that began on January 9 in 1905 and lasted until 1907 in the then Russian Empire. These events became possible due to the revolutionary situation prevailing in the country at the beginning of the 20th century.
The first Russian revolution showed that radical changes are simply necessary for the state. However, Nicholas II did not hurry with the changes in the country.
The reasons for the first Russian revolution:
- economic (world economic crisis in the early 20th century, backward development in both agriculture and industry);
- social (the development of capitalism did not entail any changes in the old way of life of people, hence the contradictions between the new system and old remnants);
- political (the crisis of supreme power, the fall of the authority of all tsarist Russia after the lost victory in the rapid Russian-Japanese war, and, as a consequence, the activation of left-wing opposition movements);
- national (lawlessness of nations and high degree of their exploitation).
What forces existed in Russia the day beforerevolution? Firstly, this is a liberal movement based on the nobility and the bourgeoisie. Secondly, this is a conservative direction. Thirdly, the radical democratic movements.
What were the tasks of the first revolution?
1) the solution of a whole series of issues, including the agrarian, the worker, the national;
2) the overthrow of the autocracy;
3) adoption of the constitution;
4) unconscious society;
5) freedom of speech and choice.
The first Russian revolution borebourgeois-democratic character. The occasion for its implementation were the events of early January, called "Bloody Sunday". On a winter morning, a peaceful procession of workers was sent to the king, bearing his portrait and chanting "God save the Tsar ...". At the head of the procession was the priest Gapon. It is still unclear whether he was an ally of the revolutionaries or an advocate of a peaceful procession, since his sudden disappearance remains a mystery ... The events of Bloody Sunday led to the shooting of workers. This occasion gave a strong impetus to the activation of all the left forces. The first bloody Russian revolution began.
Nicholas II accepts several manifestoes, amongwhich "manifesto on the establishment of the State Duma" and "manifesto on the improvement of the mister". Both documents in the literal sense of the word turned the course of events. During the revolution, 2 state duma's activities were carried out, which were dissolved before the date of their completion. After the dissolution of the second, the "Third June Political System" came into force, which became possible after the violation of Nicholas II by the manifesto of October 17, 1905.
The first Russian revolution, the reasons for whichwere on the surface for a long time, led to the fact that in Russia the political situation and the social situation of citizens have changed. Also, the coup gave rise to an agrarian reform. However, the First Russian Revolution did not solve its main problem - the abolition of the autocracy. Nicholas 1 and the autocracy in Russia will last for another 10 years.
