Always solid consonant sounds in Russian

In Russian, the majority of consonants are soft and hard, this quality is meaningful. Compare the words:

• chalk - stranded;
• jar - bath;
• guest - guest.

However, there are those whose hardness is a constant quality, which means that they are always solid.

Consonant sounds: [OK]

It is found in the following words:

• life [zhyz "n"] .;
• liquid [zhytk "i];
• honeysuckle [zhims "t"];
• live [live];
• trembles [drazhit];
• guarding [starazhyt];
• buzzing [buzzing];
• red [ginger];
• bliss [bliss].

When comparing the writing and sound, you can draw the following conclusion: after this consonant is written the letter and, and the sound [s] is heard. When choosing this orthogram, you should follow the rule: write a letter with the letter I.

For playing with a child in order to practice spelling skills, you can use, for example, the following text:

Buzzing beetle over honeysuckle. He lives somewhere near the ground beetle. She is guarding her home from him. And red hedgehogs run past the puddles. A bush is reflected in its liquid slush — quite like a living one, only inverted.

Sound [w]

This is a hard deaf consonant sound, unlike [g], which is ringing. This phoneme can be observed in words:

• wider [shyr "];
• sew [sewn "];
• chiffon [shyfon];
• chiffonier [shyfan "yer];
• mice [mice];
• silence [t "ishyna];
• ruffs [yirshy];
• pennies [grashy];
• in a hurry [cn "ishyt];
• will complete [zavirshyt].

Here we also deal with the same tendency as in the case of sound [OK]: after [br] the letter is written and. The rule is the same as for the previous spelling: “ShI write with the letter I”.

To practice the skill of spelling such words correctly, we turn to the dictation:

Rustling mice under the slopes of the roof. One of them hears the cat breathing in silence, and hurries into its hole - there are babies there.

Let us sum up the intermediate result: the always solid consonant sounds serve as identifying signs of the “And after F and Sh” orthogram.

Sound [n]

The last sound whose hardness isconstant quality is [q]. There are more difficulties with it from the point of view of spelling. The spelling of vowels after this sound depends on the morpheme. Take the examples of spelling words at the root of words:

• figure [digit];
• compasses [tsirkul "];
• circus [circus];
• citron [citron];
• acacia [acacia];
• lecture [lecture];
• section [s "ekzyya];
• sanction [sanctions].

Where there is this solid consonant sound inIn a word, we hear [it] after it, however we designate this phoneme in different ways. In the examples given above, the spelling is governed by the following rule: after the letter C it is written And in the root of the word. But there are exceptions, which still need to put Y:

• chick-chick-chick;
• on tiptoe;
• chick;
• scream;
• tsyts;
• Roma.

In addition to these exceptions, it is also possible to write Y in suffixes and endings:

• tit;
• Boris Golitsyn;
• sisters;
• near the hospital;
• without water;
• have young women;
• at the girl.

Play with your child to practice spelling of words whose spelling is associated with the letter C:

In the circus stands a gypsy, he pushes at the chickens: “Shit!” They hide in the paws of a fox. The girls laugh, stand on tiptoes and greet the kindness of the fox with loud applause.

To summarize: always solid consonant sounds in the alphabet are F, C, C. The following vowels can be written with them: AND, S.

Replacing W with W

The sound [f] is not hissing. And the other two are called those. In a weak position (at the end of the word or before the deaf consonants) the sound [ж] is replaced by [ш]:

• married [zamush];
• so [us];
• unbearable [nefterpysh];
• spoon [loshka];
• horns [ear] and].

The text of the dictation on this topic, which will help to interestingly conduct training work on this orthogram:

This happens always when the sounds consonants, voiced, solid in a weak position are replaced with the same, only deaf ones.

Sister of the Golitsyn gathered in marriage.They really can not tolerate. And the dowry is ready: spoons, cups, pillows, boots, tubs, bowls, cups, cooks. And here on the path seemed drochi, there are going Seryozhka, Alyoshka, Proshka and Olezhka - sisters grooms. Here and the tale is over, and they lived happily ever after.

When put b after F and W

For the reason that the above consonants are always hard, a soft sign to indicate softness is never used with them. However, there are times when you can meet him after the letters Ж and Ш:

• mouse;
• Lying;
• shiver;
• brooch;
• nonsense;
• completely;
• do not touch;
• can you hear

These examples illustrate the rule of using a soft sign to indicate the grammatical form of words:

1. There are 3 nouns: silence, whim.
2. Adverbs: backhand.
3. Verbs: go, put.

We use for training such sentences:

It’s just a lie that the mouse is terrible: you don’t touch it, when you walk past, it will not touch either.

If there is silence in the house and you do not shout, you don’t download, you don’t bliss, there’s some kind of trick, you won’t immediately understand. What are you doing there, but you are silent?

When b after F and W not put

Always solid consonant sounds [w] and [br] sometimeswritten with a soft sign, and it depends on their grammatical category. Conversely, the absence of this letter after them also has a morphological meaning:

1. There are no three nouns: kid, watchman, roof covering.
2. Short adjective: good, good.
3. Adverbs-exceptions: too, married, unbearable.

Text for training:

My baby is good; he looks like his dad. It will be a pilot, he will fly above the roofs, so you will not follow him.

Oh and Y after sizzling and C

Always solid consonant sounds require special attention, as the pronunciation of the vowels after them does not always correspond to the spelling. This applies not only to the letters I and Y, but also to O and Y:

• walked [shool];
• whisper [whisper];
• silk [shalk];
• the millstones [zhornoff];
• acorn [acorn];
• rustle [rustle];
• highway [shose];
• jockey [jock "hey].

The name of this orthogram is “O and E at the root after hissing”. Rule: “If you can pick up a word with the letter E in a single-root word, then we write –E, in the absence of one, we write O”. Let's check:

• acorn - acorn;
• silk - silk;
• the millstones are the millstones;
• rustling - can not be verified;
• jockey - can not be verified.

In suffixes and endings after the F and W the letter O is written under the stress:

• walrus;
• large.

Without accent you need to write the letter -E:

• Orange;
• pear.

After C, the letter E is never written, only O (under the stress) or E (without the stress).

• basement;
• church;
• frontal;
• wrestling;
• slate;
• glossy;
• towel;
• stigma.

Согласные буквы, обозначающие твердый звук (Ж, Ш, C) require a lot of attention. As we see, a very large number of orthograms are associated with them. According to the school curriculum, a test is provided, connected with the examination of knowledge with these consonants. For example, the following dictation:

"Once we went hunting, and our dogs ran after us.

In the woods in the fall there is a lot of all tasty: cones, pears, berries of a honeysuckle, blackberries, acorns. Animals eat off at this time and grow fat.

Here we are in the forest most often, we hear dogs barking andrun to that place. There we see the fox hole. The dogs dug up the entrance and dragged it out. We drove the dogs away. Fox red fluffy outfit slightly dented, but still it is silk and smooth. Yellow circles around the eyes. The breast is white, the legs are black. Good foxes!

We let go of the poor fellow, she quickly slipped into the bushes, and the trace was gone from the fox sister.