The question of how the Old Russian ruledThe state is one of the key lectures in school and university history courses. This topic is very important for understanding the current structure and mechanism of the functioning of power in the state. It was a transitional period. The community still had fairly strong communal orders and tribal ties. Nevertheless, they gradually faded into the past under the influence of increasing princely power.
Early stage
The organization of social life depended largelyon how governed the Old Russian state. From the very beginning of its appearance, it was distinguished by rather strong positions of the center, which by the X century had already succeeded in subjugating the neighboring tribes, since that time they were not mentioned in the annals. The figure of the prince played an important role in the pre-state period. He led the squad in the campaigns and performed protective and military functions.
In historiography there is a point of view that hewas originally the leader of the trading Slavic expeditions. They were accompanied by great dangers and therefore needed protection. Subsequently, the head of the squad gained considerable weight in society. This led to the seizure of the main control levers. Thus, when answering the question of how the Ancient Russian state was governed, this important historical aspect should be taken into account in order to understand the origin and origins of the ruler’s power.
Change of princely status
Kiev rulers relied, as before, onhis squad. At first, it was she who was the basis of their power and influence. At the same time, it is indicative of the fact that at that time the principle of fraternity prevailed in the army, when the leader was considered only the first among equals. This is especially important when covering the topic, as governed by the ancient Russian state. Because it allows you to understand the mechanisms of interaction of the prince with his environment.
But already in these centuries, the process of strengthening andincrease the prestige of the ruler. Now he not only performed military functions, but also gradually turned into a political head of society. The prince passed laws, judged, collected taxes, in a word, assumed all those prerogatives that are inherent to the state ruler. Nevertheless, it did not have a developed bureaucratic apparatus, which allows many historians to speak about the early feudal monarchy, and not the absolute one, in relation to the time in question.
Gain Prince
For a visual explanation of the systemthe functioning of power can consider how governed the Old Russian state under Yaroslav the Wise. In historiography, it is assumed that it was under him that the political structure of the young state was finally formed. This is largely due to the fact that he was the creator of the first written legislation, which indicates the development of society at this time.
Under the ruler was a council - Duma, whichperformed a deliberative function. It included representatives of noble families and people closest to the ruler. It has already been said above that by the X century princes subjugated the tribal centers to themselves. However, they themselves could not directly manage these lands.
Therefore, on-site control was carried out by localspecific rulers. Answering the question of how the Ancient Russian State was ruled under Yaroslav the Wise, we should also mention a separate category of persons who also occupied prominent places in the leadership. We are talking about posadnik and volosteley. They controlled smaller territorial units.
Self management
We should not forget about the people's organizations,which were also a very significant force at the time in question. With them, the center could not be ignored. Veche was a very serious force. Sometimes it acted on the side of the ruler, but sometimes it raised a rebellion. The organ occupied an important place in urban life, so it is imperative to mention about it, speaking about how the Old Russian state was ruled under Yaroslav.
Fragmentation
Князь одновременно много способствовал укреплению center positions. But at the same time, before his death, he divided all his possessions among his sons. This subsequently led to the disintegration of the united state. However, at this time such a step was inevitable. Indeed, in a society the tribal relations were still very strong, which determined the life not only of the common people, but of the authorities. And the topic “How the Ancient Russian State was Managed”, the scheme of which is presented in this article, clearly shows that the ruler did not have a strong apparatus for maintaining his status.
