What are the reasons for strengthening the Moscow Principality? History and the process of elevation of the Moscow Principality

Until 1263 on the feudal and fragmented mapRus no Moscow principality was not. This little inheritance left, dying, the great Alexander Nevsky to his two-year-old son, Daniel, as a legacy. The reasons for the strengthening of the Moscow principality, which at first was small, insignificant, we will highlight in the article.

Start

In this remote Middle Ages, when the earth sufferedunder the yoke of the Horde, the center of political life becomes Vladimir-Suzdal and Novgorod Rus. In the middle, in a convenient place lies the Moscow principality, which began to manage the 14-year-old prince. The young man with caution looks at the feuds of neighbors and does not interfere in them. He pays tribute and lives quietly and peacefully. Therefore, immigrants from more dangerous places slowly reached the Moscow principality.

People and peace are the first reasons for gainMoscow principality. In it, the economic life began to develop quite intensively. The prince decided only at the end of his life’s journey to add two new cities to his lands. Kolomna was needed because it stood on an important place where the Moscow River flowed into the Oka. And Pereyaslavl-Zalessky opened the way to the capital city of Vladimir.

XIV century

It was a time of struggle for the establishment and strengtheningMoscow lands. Prince Yury Danilovich, having subjugated Mozhaisk, gained control over the entire course of the Moscow River. This was a very important event for the residents: a new trade route opened. But at the same time begins the struggle with the princes of Tver for the great reign in Vladimir. At this time, joined the land of Vladimir. Their area was large, and the entire population paid taxes. Therefore, the struggle for reigning in Vladimir was very serious: Prince Yuri of Tver was killed by Prince Yuri of Tver.

Transformation of the principality into the center of political life

Дело брата продолжил князь Иван Данилович, whom more know as Ivan Kalita. He was a visionary and wise ruler who joined Novgorod, Kostroma, Rostov, and Torzhok to his lands. Prince Ivan transferred the chair of the metropolitan, head of the Russian church, from Vladimir to Moscow, building magnificent Archangel and Assumption cathedrals in the Kremlin.

The secular and spiritual power was concentrated in one place - these are the reasons for the strengthening of the Moscow principality in the middle of the XIV century.

Diplomacy of Russian princes

Acts of the prince continued his sons. Skillfully leading diplomatic relations with the Horde, they ensured a peaceful life for the entire population, which was not subject to raids.

What are the reasons for the strengthening of the Moscow principality led him to the expansion and wealth? The wise policy of his princes: it focused the political, cultural and religious life of the Northeast.

Disputes historians

Historians usually name 4 reasons for the strengthening of the Moscow principality. Briefly, they can be summarized as follows:

1. The principality stood in the heart of the Russian lands.This successful geographic location made it less likely to be attacked by neighbors: militant Germans, Lithuanians, Swedes and Tatars. Thus, his very position provided security for the inhabitants and attracted more and more new refugees who increased their military and economic power.
2. The Principality became the crossroads of trade routes.This was the road from the south-west, from Kiev and Chernigov, in Rostov and Yaroslavl. The waterway along the Moskva River allowed to get to the Oka, and along it to the Volga and get to Nizhny Novgorod. The merchants passing by these routes paid taxes, enriching the Moscow principality.
3. Diplomatic moves led to the unification of church and secular authorities. Thanks to this, the authority and social weight of the principality increased.
4. И последнее.Peace-loving, cautious and persistent activities of the princes. They did not quarrel among themselves, and also avoided direct clashes with Lithuania and the Horde, ensuring a peaceful life and achieving their goals step by step.

That is how the reasons of strengthening of the Moscow principality are seen today.