In the world there are wild and cultivated plants. Their main difference lies in the fact that a cultivated person grows purposefully, displays a variety of varieties within species.
However, this is a non-scientific classification of flora representatives.
The generally accepted classification of wild and cultivated plants
Scientists divide all plants into two sub-kingdoms:lower and higher. The first group consists of four sections: brown, green, red and diatom algae. The highest include the following sections: moss-like, horse-shaped, lenticular, psilotovidnye, fern, gymnosperms and angiosperms. The first five groups of plants multiply by spores, and the last two by seeds. The gymnosperms differ from angiosperms in that they have flowers, so the plants in this section are also called flowering plants. Mostly the world's cultivated plants belong to the angiosperms division. And in general, flowering and gymnosperms are by far the most numerous groups of plants.
Variety of angiosperms
Wild and cultivated plants, breeding seeds, are very diverse and numerous.
Let's first consider the scientific classification.of these representatives of the flora. So, wild-growing and cultivated plants belonging to the flowering department are divided into two classes depending on the structure of the seeds: monocots and dicots. To monocotyledons belong such families as cereal and lily. Such plants in most cases are cultivated. The bichromatic can be attributed to such families as birch, willow, solanaceous, cruciferous, bean, complex flowers, rosaceous. Among them there are also many crops that are grown by man.
Diversity of gymnasts
Plants that belong to the gymnosperms department can be divided into four classes: conifers, sago-nays, oppression and ginkgo. These are mainly wild species.
In all the families listed above, genera and species are distinguished.
Other plant classifications
Depending on the life form, wild and cultivated plants can be divided into eight groups:
- Trees These are perennial plants with a woody, pronounced trunk from 2 meters in height.
- Shrubs (shrubs). Perennial representatives of the flora with stiff stalks, however, do not have a pronounced stem. The branching of such plants begins from the soil itself.
- Shrubs.These are perennial plants with stiff lower stems and grassy upper ones. Their height is 1 meter. This is not such a large group of plants. Only certain types of ephedra, astragalus and the like belong to it.
- Shrubs. Possess the same qualities as shrubs, but a smaller height - not more than 0.5 meters.
- Half-shrubs. They are very similar to semi-shrubs, but have approximately the same height as the shrubs. Half-shrubs include, for example, certain types of wormwood.
- Succulents. Perennial plants with juicy, fleshy stems and leaves, which contain spare water. This group includes many indoor flowers: aloe, Kalanchoe, cacti, etc.
- Lianas. They need support to maintain the situation. They are divided into climbing and climbing.
- Herbs. Plants with juicy green shoots are not stiff. This life form has many cultivated plants and potted flowers.
- There are also life forms such asparasites and epiphytes. They are similar in that they settle on other plants. However, the difference between them is that parasites feed at the expense of their "owners", and epiphytes do not cause any harm to the plants on which they live.
Wild and cultivated plants, exampleswhich can be seen in the pictures, can also be divided into groups depending on the duration of their life. So, allocate annuals, biennials and perennials. Annuals and biennials are mainly herbaceous plants, while perennial plants may be shrubs, half-shrubs, trees, etc.
Wild and cultivated plants: examples
Consider the cultural and wild plants that are used by man in various fields.
| Cultivation | Groups | Examples |
| Wildlife | medicinal | calendula, valerian, dogrose, chamomile field, conifers |
| for pulp and paper and furniture industries | spruce, birch, pine | |
| for eating | lingonberry, blackberry, blueberry, blueberry | |
| weeds | quinoa, bluegrass, nettle, sow thistle | |
| Cultural | decorative | daffodil, rose, tulip, orchid |
| legumes | soybeans, beans, peas | |
| cereals | corn, wheat, rice, oats, millet | |
| sugar-bearing | sugar beet | |
| starchy | potatoes | |
| fibrous | flax, cotton, hemp, kenaf | |
| oilseeds | sunflower | |
| melons | watermelon melon | |
| fruit | apple, pear, plum | |
| vegetable | tomato, cucumber, cabbage, radish, radish, turnip | |
| stimulating | coffee, tea, tobacco | |
| feed | fodder beet, turnip |
Now you know what are the cultural and wild representatives of the flora and what groups they are divided into.
