Types of participles. Suffering and Acting Communions

Modern Russian language isa storehouse of various rules and parts of speech. Of course, for local residents there is no problem studying them, but sometimes foreign citizens have to work hard to understand what this or that part of speech means, this or that rule. In most cases, a serious difficulty happens just at the stage of studying the participle. Of course, not only foreign citizens do not understand what it is. Many Russian speakers quite often confuse the participle, for example, with adjectives.

So what is a sacrament?In the rules of the Russian language participle is defined as a special form of the verb, which has the characteristics of both the verb and the adjective. Apparently, the difficulties that we talked about earlier, come from here. So, what signs does a participle receive from a verb, and what signs from an adjective?

Let's start with the verb.First of all, teachers always say that the participle received temporary categories from the verb. According to the rules of the Russian language, the participle can be both the present and the past, but never the future. Types of participles were also obtained from the most powerful part of speech - the verb. Well, reflexivity.

Теперь обратимся к прилагательному.Here everything is somewhat simpler than with a verb. The ability to change by gender, numbers was obtained precisely from this part of speech. In addition to these important properties, participles are also able to lean on the principle of adjectives.

The types of participles are, in principle, a simple topic,but it can also cause a lot of trouble, so let's talk a little about them. So, we mentioned earlier that participles are derived from the verb. In this regard, some signs of the verb passed to the participle, in particular the form. If we turn to the rules associated with the verb, we see that its types are divided into perfect and imperfect.

Types of participles can be determined by asking a question.If a participle is derived from a verb that answers the question “what to do?”, Then it should be attributed to the imperfect form. The perfect participle is formed from the verb that answers the question “what to do?”. As you can see, there may be no problems with determining the type of participle. But it should be remembered that, for example, from the imperfective verbs it is possible to form only participles of the present and past tense. As for the perfect, then from him you will receive the sacrament of only past tense.

What else should learn Russian language?Of course, the fact that the sacraments can be passive and valid. Here it will be somewhat more difficult than with such a concept as the forms of participles.

The real participle is understood as a signthe object that produced the action itself. If it is indicated that an action was taken on someone, then this is already a passive participle. Each of them has their own suffixes, which can be used to determine their affiliation.

So, the suffixes of the actual participle include —usch, -usch, -ach, -ch, and also —vsh and –sh. Suffering participles can be formed due to such suffixes as -em, -im, -nn-, -nn, -t.