Smoot beginning of the 17th century is considered one of the most tragic historical eras of Russia. This period had a huge impact on the further development of the state.
Smoot. The reasons. Brief development
According to some authors, the events of that timecan be described as both natural and random. However, before this period in the history of the country it is difficult to find an era that would contain so many adverse factors.
Time of Troubles began after the death of JohnVasilievich. To power, as you know, came Boris Godunov, who had connections with the oprichnina. With this comes crop failure. In a weakened country in the Livonian war, starvation riots begin. Godunov is trying hard to save the day. But all his attempts are useless. Moreover, he is suspected of murdering Dmitry (the son of Grozny), and the public does not accept any evidence or investigations. The authority of the new king in the face of the misery of the people finally falls. All these circumstances lead to the appearance of impostors. Desperate people are ready to stand up for those who promise improvements.
Швеция и Польша, претендующие на русскую territory, use the Time of Troubles and the emerging impostors to their advantage. For example, the False Dmitry 1, supported by the Polish king, turned into a king of Russia within a year. However, his excessive attention to the Kingdom of Poland caused discontent among the population. This took advantage of Shuisky, who raised the disaffected against the impostor. As a result, the power changed again.
Воцарение Шуйского в 1606 году не исправило provisions. During the reign of the new king, the thieves' movement unfolds. As a result, Bolotnikov rebellion breaks out. According to some authors, this uprising was the first civil war in the Russian state.
At the same time, False Dmitry appears. Bolotnikov unites with him. The war moves to a new stage. The offensive on Russia begins. The Poles capture Smolensk.
Shuisky, being in a hopeless situation, turns for help to Sweden. As a result, the allied Russian-Swedish army first defeated the Polish troops, and then suffered a defeat in the Battle of Klushinsky.
Failures in the battles finally underminedShuisky's authority. The new stage of the Troubles was marked by a conspiracy in Moscow. As a result, Shuisky shift. The power passes to the boyars, who later swore allegiance to Vladislav (the Polish prince). In the autumn of 1610 the Poles entered Moscow.
From 1610 to 1613the period of "Seven Boyars" begins. Begins a major anti-Polish movement in the country. The uprisings cover many cities, the militia is being formed. This movement is defeated. However, by the next year, the second militia was formed, led by Minin and Pozharsky. Moscow was taken, and the Poles were forced to capitulate.
At the Zemsky Sobor convened in 1613, a new king was elected. The era of the Romanov dynasty began. The first king of this dynasty was Michael, who at that time was sixteen years old.
The consequences of the Troubles were the hardest for the entire state. The events of that period led to impoverishment, undermining the economy, economic ruin.
The consequences of the Troubles were expressed in the territorial losses of Russia. The Kola Peninsula, Smolensk, Ukraine withdrew from the state.
The consequences of the Troubles manifested themselves in the cultural sphere. Strengthened some isolation of the country. The state was weakened. Despite the victory, Russia was in very difficult conditions.
The internal situation in the country was reflectedcertainly, and on its external position. Russia began to occupy a different place in the structure of economic and political ties. Relations with some countries temporarily ceased, the country's military potential was in decline.
The consequences of the Troubles were to be overcome by several generations of rulers.
