The geopolitical position of the state reflects its place on the political world map. In addition, this term implies the attitude of the state to different countries or groups of countries.
The first global humanthe geopolitical rearrangement ended with the defeat of the Austrian-German bloc, the signing of the Saint-Germain and Versailles Treaty in 1919 and the formation of the Versailles-Washington system. As a result, the vanquished states disintegrated, new powers began to be formed, the colonies were redistributed and new political alliances formed.
The status of great states was confirmed by England,America and France. However, most of all, the US strengthened its geopolitical position, having become rich at that time in military deliveries. At that time, America's influence was very significant.
Геополитическое положение России значительно deteriorated after the end of the existence of the USSR. The Soviet Union had borders with twelve countries overland. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, new borders were formed between Russia and the former republics, some of which gained a new status - "continental countries of the world" (for example, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and others). Today, virtually all subjects of the Russian Federation are borderline. Two subjects border on three countries. For example, the Pskov region has borders with Estonia, Belarus and Latvia.
The geopolitical position of the Russian Federation is significantdeteriorated due to the elimination of the political bloc, consisting of the Warsaw Pact countries, and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA). A number of former socialist republics have already been admitted to NATO and the EEC. As a result of the transformation, the geopolitical position of the Russian state is now practically at the same level as during the reign of Ivan the Terrible.
After the collapse of the USSR, Russia did not become comfortableaccess to the sea, well-equipped Baltic (Riga, Tallinn, Ventspils, Klaipeda) and Black Sea (Odessa, Sevastopol, Nikolaev, Ilyichevsk) ports. In addition, the country lost many naval bases.
Territorial losses led to the loss of partresource potential. Along with this, Russia also lost powerful fixed assets in the form of military bases, factories, sanatoria, resorts and other institutions of all-Union subordination. To fill these losses, it was necessary to again form the production base.
According to many researchers, the groupstate leaders, like a hundred years ago, remains quite limited and has almost unchanged composition. The only, perhaps, change experts believe is the replacement of Austria-Hungary by Canada and China.
The position of the leading countries today, due todynamics and indicators of changes in their geopolitical potentials and statuses, is considered as part of the global geopolitical configuration, in the form of geopolitical rotation. Important characteristics in this matter are the rotational vector and speed, increasing in the war period. As a general trend of changes in the geopolitical situation, researchers note a permanent growth of potentials in almost all leading states with their gradual degradation in the Third World countries. Thus, the leading countries, together with a relatively small number of the so-called “new industrial powers”, are increasingly breaking away from the rest of the group.
Many experts note that the largestthe concentration of the leading countries is observed in the regions of North America, Western Europe, Central Eurasia. Occupying these territories, three countries (Russia, the United States and Germany) throughout the twentieth century exerted a powerful influence on the dynamics and nature of the world geopolitical configuration.
