In the most general sense, a worldview is a systemideas of man about the world, about his place in it. The specificity of this system determines the activity of the individual, forms the traditions and customs. Over the centuries, the history of the human world has undergone significant changes.
At every stage of the development of civilization societya certain worldview is characteristic, and its types are the dominant systems of views and concepts in different periods. There are four types: mythological, religious, philosophical and scientific. Hence, the ratio of philosophy and worldview - the ratio of the private and the general.
The mythological worldview is characteristic ofprimitive people. This is a fantastic idea of the world around us, expressed in the form of fairy tales, legends, legends and myths that have been passed on by word of mouth for many years, mostly before the advent of writing. It determined the moral position of primitive people, acted as the primary regulator of behavior, a form of socialization, and prepared the ground for the emergence of the next type of worldview.
Religious worldview also representsan organized system of ideas about a supernatural being - a god or a group of gods. But unlike the characters of myths, the main characters of religious legends claim unconditional acceptance of their authority. On the other hand, in a society in which the mythological worldview dominates, human activity is completely determined by the culture of the dominant myth, while the individual can accept and not accept religion. The latter, however, always has negative consequences for the subject in religious countries, and often in some secular states.
Philosophy as a worldview, compared toprevious types is a relatively progressive system of judgments about the world, since it is based not on baseless ideas and images, but on rational thinking and logical laws. Philosophy as a worldview is a way to explain the phenomena of the world and the place of a person in it. Philosophical concepts offer detailed solutions to the main issue of philosophy, the justification of the moral position. But they do not claim to be universal and do not imply rituals characteristic of religious and mythological systems.
Philosophy as a worldview and science have a commonrational nature. But science is an objective knowledge of the world, theoretically grounded and practically confirmed. In addition, the scientific worldview is systematized knowledge with sectoral differentiation.
Philosophy as a worldview is a prerequisite for the emergence of science and contains a methodological system used by modern scientists.
Philosophy is an intermediate stage betweenprimitive, and later medieval “shielding” of inexplicable phenomena by sensual images of gods, mythological heroes and the formation of rational tools of knowledge.
