The democratic regime is one of the most difficultmethod of implementation among other regimes in politics. It arose in antiquity and literally meant "people's power". Since the translation of Aristotle's Politics in 1260 and the use of the word "democracy" for the first time, disputes about its meaning and the essence of this regime do not stop. Along with the development of society, there has been an evolution in its comprehension.
Thus, in ancient times, from the 5th century to theAD, the democratic regime was understood as the direct rule of citizens who lived in policies with a small population. It was based on the desire of people to coexist, to create benefits for all, to mutual respect. Decisions were made by a majority of free citizens (and there were no more than one per three million inhabitants). At the same time, the ancient democratic regime had several qualifications: residency, citizenship and property. Then democracy was not considered the best regime, since in reality not citizens with a low level of political culture, but rulers, ruled. Democracy quickly passed into the power of the crowd, and then turned into tyranny.
The next concept is legal, or classical.It emerged at a time when national states were formed, occupying a larger territory than policies, and characterized by conflict relations between the third estate and the aristocracy. A new round in the development of this concept began after the Great French Revolution. The democratic regime began to be considered by her as such, which rejects elitism, monarchy, and forms the goals of directions in society and politics. There was a need to create new relations between citizens and the authorities, connected with the requirements of social equality and autonomy. Democracy at this stage was a representative government, which was elected only by wealthy citizens.
Modern interpretations of the democratic regimethere are several. The differences in them are due to the absence of one principle of the analysis of democracy. Supporters of the normative approach believe that initially the model of democratic governance is ideal, however, in practice it is forced to adapt to practical issues. And supporters of the empirical-descriptive approach believe that the regime is a set of such political procedures, principles that have shown their effectiveness in practice. In this case, the government, which the people no longer trust, is replaced completely bloodlessly, peacefully.
The understanding of this phenomenon depends entirely on the authors of the various theories on which its components accentuate.
The experience of thirty-five countries that have a democratic political regime in practice makes it possible to distinguish the following features and attributes in it:
1) Legality that applies to all.It is confirmed in the process of elections, when the people choose their representatives, and those in turn take important decisions for the voters. The media, interest groups and the independent people are watching to ensure that the authority to which they voted fulfills their functions.
2) Competition. This is the main phenomenon in democracy, when all candidates have the right to participate in competitive elections, to compete for the right to represent the will of the people.
3) The presence of several political parties, which helps the people make a meaningful choice.
4) Social, civil and political rights of the population.
The democratic regime is characterized by vulnerabilityin conditions that often change. At the same time, in stable societies with a high organization, it is a very effective form of relations between the authorities and citizens.
