This adjective has been known in Russia since the 11th century, its meaning was then the same as now. According to the main explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language, the word "close" has six meanings.
Space
The first value of the token can be interpreted whenthe help of synonyms "limited, narrow, uncomplicated." The space, the volume in which there is not enough space, is characterized as close: a cramped house, a yard, a cockpit, a wigwam, a cramped apartment, a street, a tent. Example: "The path to the office of Ivan Ilyich ran through a narrow hallway."
Accommodation
Synonyms for the second meaning of this word arelexemes "tight, compact, slim, crowded, closed". In this case, the meaning of the word indicates that objects are located close to one another: close order, row, close embrace. Example: "We went to a demonstration by a tight crowd."
The size
The third meaning of the word "close" can be put inone row with the synonyms of “pressing, short, narrow, not free”. That is, it is something that has a size smaller than necessary, something uncomfortable, holding down movement. In this sense, the word is used most often in relation to shoes and clothes: tight pants, boots, etc. Examples: “Sema was waving his arms ridiculously, his shoes were worn, his jacket was tight”. "A tight collar squeezed his neck, preventing him from working."
Relations
Следующая группа значений – метафоры.Close are very close relationships. Synonyms: "intimate, close." Then they talk about close ties, friendship, close communication, cooperation. Example: “Parents and teachers learned about my close relationships with believers.” A narrow circle of like-minded people united by common interests and including a few is also, of course, close.
Close contact and influence
Very close to the above mentioned valueanother - indicating the mutual influence of one phenomenon (concept) on another. In this context, we can talk about the close relationship of atoms and molecules, flora and fauna, man and nature, etc. The images recreated by artists of different countries and eras are closely connected with the mores and ideals of their time. Example: "All actions of a rational person are closely related to his moral values."
Everyday difficulties
And another lexical meaning of the wordis to characterize difficult life circumstances, difficulties. Examples: "I am extremely low on money." "Because of the debts, we fell into a close position."
Grammatical portrait of the word
This is a qualitative adjective that can be declined, has degrees of comparison, as well as short and full forms. Reinforced connotation is transmitted by the combination of "close-close" or the word "pretext."
In its different meanings, such phraseological units correspond to the lexeme: “the apple has nowhere to fall,” “cracks at the seams,” “do not spill water.”
