The city of Cool is located in the northeast.Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, in Ciscaucasia, 50 km from Nalchik on the Malka River. The city is the second most populous in the republic. As of 2017, 57880 people live here. This is the cultural, industrial and agricultural center of the republic. Cool is a large railway junction of Kabardino-Balkaria. The territory is 35 km2.
Zip code of the city Cool Kabardino-Balkaria - 361050.
City geography
The territory of the city Cool Kabardino-Balkarialocated in the forest-steppe zone. The relief is a practically flat flat surface. In the southern part of the city the terrain becomes hilly. The flood plain of Malka is raised by high terraces.
The main waterway of the city is the riverMalka. To the south of Prokhladny there are several small lakes, the largest of which is Komsomolskoye. Along the northern border of the city the Prohladnensky channel is laid. Close to the surface lie groundwater.
City `s history
In 1765 it was founded on this territory.settlement of Zaporizhzhya Cossacks (stanitsa). Since 1825, the settlement officially bears the name of the village of Cool. The post road passing through it connected the Transcaucasus with Russia. In 1860 the village became the center of the Pyatigorsk branch of the Terek Cossack army.
В 1875 году открыта железная дорога Vladikavkaz-Rostov. Station Cool becomes the main shopping center. Here was the collection and shipment of agricultural products from all Terek region. Large-scale bazaars were held on the territory of the settlement every day, from time to time large fairs were held. In addition, the territory of the village of Prokhladnaya was famous for its vineyards.
During the October Revolution, the settlement passed from hand to hand between the Red Guards and the White Guards.
In 1923, the village of Prokhladnaya becomes an urban-type settlement. The number of inhabitants at that time is 4,400 people.
In 1937, the village received city status.
In August 1941 the city was occupied by Nazi troops. Released in January 1943.
In 2003, Soldatskaya village became the district center. In 2007 the city of Cool Kabardino-Balkaria again becomes the center of the Prokhladnensky district.
History of origin of the name
About the origin of the name of the city goes a lotlegends The most common of them says that Potemkin, visiting these lands, noticed a village on the bank of the river. It was very hot, but it was cool from the river. The settlement was located in a forest glade and immersed in greenery. When the prince moved into the village, he was breathed cool. So he called the village - Cool.
City Cool: economy
On the territory of the city there is a repair plant, the Kavkazkabel plant, a semiconductor devices plant. There are enterprises of light, forestry, woodworking and food industries.
In agriculture, the priority is the cultivation of wheat, sunflower, corn, vegetables, fruits. In animal husbandry, they breed cattle, sheep, and pigs.
The main city-forming enterprises:
Engineering
- Plant "Kavkazkabel", Ostapenko street, 21;
- Prokhladnensky plant of semiconductor devices, Lenin Street, 104.
Wood industry
- Furniture factory "Kazak", Golovko street, 88. It produces soft and cabinet furniture.
Light industry
- Garment factory, Liberty Street, 139.
Services sector
- Technological deposit, the city of Cool Kabardino-Balkaria, Proletarskaya street, 66, building 2.
Transport network of the city Cool
The city of Cool is located in Russia in Kabardino-Balkaria and is a major road and rail transport hub. Here is the bus station and train station.
There is a bus route from the city bus station to Germany.
Cultural and entertainment facilities of the city
The main cultural and entertainment center of the city is currently the Chefdensky Culture House. On its basis, the National Theater was created, where various cultural events are held.
In the district Vinsovhoz located Factory House of Culture.
On the territory of the city there is another cultural facility - the Palace of Culture "Vodnik". The reconstruction of the cinema "Mayak" has been completed.
The city has a library named after Maxim Gorky and a library named after Mayakovsky.
Sights of the city Cool: description
Главной городской достопримечательностью и The spiritual relic is the St. Nicholas Cathedral, which was erected in 1886 on the site of a burnt wooden church. The author of the project is architect Mikhail Surmievich. In 1901, the construction of the bell tower was completed.
On the territory of the cathedral there is a baptismal temple
The construction of the Holy Protection Church is currently being completed.
On the territory of the cemetery of the cemetery there is a chapel, which was erected in honor of the icon of the Mother of God of All Who Sorrow Joy.
The city has a historical museumlocated at the address: Svoboda Street, 138. Culture, history, ethnography of the Chelans Cossacks (Terek) are presented here, household items, photos and various documents are on display. The greatest interest among visitors is the interior of the dwelling of the Cossacks with household items of the 19th century.
Memorial complexes and memorials of the city
The city is widely represented memorable places associated with the history of World War II.
In the city there is a monument to collective farmers,dead on the battlefield. Next to it is the grave of unknown soldiers, cadets of the Poltava tank school, who defended the city in 1942. Here, on the memorial plaque, the list of soldiers who have not returned from the war is immortalized.
On Svoboda Street there is the Pamyat Square, in which the bust of Rear Admiral Arseny Golovko, commander of the Northern Fleet, is installed. The city street is named after him.
In the central part of the city in Zavodskoy Parkthere is a memorial complex with eternal fire to soldiers of the Soviet Army, commanders and cadets of the Poltava Tank School, residents of the city who died during its defense in 1942. Here is the largest fraternal burial of city residents and soldiers killed during the Nazi occupation of the city (in the grave about 960 bodies). In the factory park there is a monument to the soldier and the working woman, which symbolizes the union of the rear and the front. The monument was opened in 1968. The square also has a memorial sign to the Terek Cossacks who defended the city and died during the Patriotic War.
In 1997, a monument was unveiled, perpetuating the dead citizens of the city in the Afghan war.
In 1998, a monument to the liquidators of the Chernobyl accident was erected in the park.
On the territory of the motor transport enterprise there is a monument to the “Soldiers-drivers”, who died during the Patriotic War.
In 1977, near the House of Culture of Railwaymen, there is a monument to teenagers who took part in the fight against the German occupiers.
At the entrance to the city stands a monument to the soldiers of the Soviet Army who died in battles during the liberation of the city.
During the years of occupation, a concentration camp was located on the territory of the Food Factory, in which 1976 people died at the hands of the fascists. In memory of them in 1947 an obelisk was installed.
An unusual monument in the form of an arch with a bell was set near the village of Vinsovkhoz in memory of the residents of the city who were shot by the German invaders.
