Along with the literary language there is a hugea lexical layer called slang. Answering the question: "Slang - what is it?", It should be noted that these are words that are not commonly used, they are usually used by a specific, certain circle of persons in common parlance. Although in some cases, it also occurs in fiction, if the author needs to convey the character's living speech.
Composition of slang
There was slang not from scratch.The very word appeared very recently. A couple of decades ago people did not use the word "slang", what it is - they did not know. But there were such definitions as jargon, argo, vulgarisms, obscene lexicon, dialectisms, common talk, professionalism. Today all these separate lexical layers have merged together, forming a group called "slang". What it is, whether it is necessary for the Russian language is a controversial issue, which is unequivocally impossible to answer.
Slang, who has no place in the language
It is possible to say with certainty that the presence in the speechjargon, argo, obscene lexicon and vulgarisms strongly spoil the language. Therefore, every self-respecting cultural person should avoid using such words. Unfortunately, even today the mass media, venerable writers and politicians consider it possible to use low-grade slang, calling this position a language democratization. Many pseudo-scientists bring to their platform ridiculous evidence, trying to convincingly argue the harmlessness of the speech layer in question. In fact, this attitude towards language is the first step towards lack of culture and loss of national pride. You can explain the reason for the emergence of this slang group, but we should not forget that math and obscene vocabulary is a curse that falls on the speaker himself.
Professionalism as a component of slang
There is a semantic group of lexical units,which is called "professional slang". What it is? These are words that are not considered generally accepted, but are used exclusively by a group of people in a particular profession. For example, the bottles in the sailors' environment designate bells that beat the clock. A shoe railwaymen called the device used to brake the cars. This should include computer slang: "keyboard" - the keyboard, "mother" - the motherboard, "window" - the operating system Windows, "died" - spoiled and so on. And since almost all young people take a great interest in computers today, computer professionalism is also included in youth slang. What is it - we will consider further.
Language of the young: you can not do without an interpreter!
Indeed, this layer of Russian vocabularyit is rather difficult to understand an ordinary person who does not rotate in the circle of the younger generation. You can even write a vocabulary of informal vocabulary, which is used by young people. For example, a "gum" is called chewing gum, "razvodjagoy" - fraud. "Gansyuk" - this word in the mouth of the young means the German, and "diss" - the name of the rap, which humiliates the work of another rapper. It is interesting that the word "laurukha" today refers to money. And quite recently the synonyms of financial means were the slang phrases "cabbage" and "grandmother", safely migrated from the youth lexicon in common parlance.
Conversational slang
Many words from the narrow vocabularyyouth jargon is passed into the speech of most people. For example, doctors-narcologists among themselves began to call the white fever "squirrel." Social networks are full of lol-pictures, illustrating the process of transferring the meaning from the word-combination to the word-homonym. Also often people use the word "shabashka" or "kalym" - part-time work, "accordion" - an old joke, "bearded anecdote." Most tokens turned into spoken slang due to a change in their etymological meaning. Take, for example, the word "bitch", which means, by the way, the dead animal carcass (because of the vultures). At first it became a definition of the type of women and had a negative coloring. And today the negative shade has evaporated, and to be called a bitch is not only not insulting, but also prestigious. Many words appear in colloquial slang by cutting the name. These are: "telecom", "great", "microwave", "washingashka", "magaz", "sotik", "comp", "laptop" and others. There is another way of appearing words in speech slang - the use of foreign units adapted for the Russian language by adding endings or letter (incorrect) reading. The first case can be illustrated by the word "ahtungovat" - pay attention, and the second demonstrates the word "gyrella".
Thus, slang is an informal vocabulary,the use of which is unacceptable in literary speech, with the exception of artistic techniques. Inappropriate and vulgar, the language of a politician or teacher is perceived, which clogs his speech with slang words, thus trying to "approach" the people.
