What is a disaster?This is an event that can carry a diverse character. At the same time many people die and major damage occurs. Disasters, especially large ones, have always become the center of attention of many people. Unfortunately, along with the development of technology, their scale is constantly increasing, both in terms of the number of casualties among people and the damage caused to the environment.
Any disaster is an emergency.incident and must be carefully studied so that in the future mankind could avoid a repetition of the tragedy. The “best” catastrophes left a special mark on history, which caused a huge negative economic effect, not to mention the ruined human lives.
The death of "Titanic"
About the disaster heard all. They can occur on land, in water and even in the sky.
"Титаник" является наиболее известным затонувшим a ship with more than one and a half thousand dead, and the economic loss from a catastrophe in terms of modern purchasing power exceeds $ 150 million. The liner sank, making its first ocean voyage at the beginning of the 20th century. At that time it was positioned as the largest passenger ship. The owners called him "unsinkable."
The immediate culprit of the tragedy wasgiant iceberg, pierced the side of the ship like a giant knife. From the impact of such a force, riveting weakened, water began to leak into the gap between the metal sheets. There were more than 2 thousand people on board, only 706 of whom survived.
The explosion of a fuel truck in Germany
The newest story is no less rich in man-madedisaster than the events of a century ago. In August 2004, an auto accident occurred in Germany, causing damage to the adjacent infrastructure of $ 358 million. A fuel truck with a trailer, following a bridge overpass, as a result of a collision with a car, rammed a protective fence of the bridge and collapsed from a hundred-meter height, and then exploded.
Fortunately, located in the vicinity of the bridgeprivate households were not affected. Asking what disaster is, many people start crying. For some of them the accident on the road turned into a real tragedy.
MetroLink passenger train colliding with freight train
Железнодорожный транспорт является одной из most emergency areas in any state. No exception - and developed Western countries with computer security systems on railway tracks.
Осенью 2008 года в окрестностях Лос-Анджелеса, The United States, a fast passenger train, ignoring the prohibitive signal of the semaphore, allowed a collision with a counter train. The train driver, who did not notice the stop signal, was responsible for the tragedy, since he was busy with his mobile phone.
The catastrophe caused the death of 25 people, and 135 received bodily injuries of varying severity. Damage amounted to half a billion dollars.
B-2 Stealth bomber crash
Military technology often causesman-made disasters. Most often, military aviation objects fall and break. In February 2008, on the island of Guam, USA, while performing a training flight, crashed B-2. The accident occurred when the aircraft was gaining altitude due to a faulty on-board computer. The bomber abruptly lost speed, hit the ground and caught fire. The pilot managed to eject and thereby save his life.
Damage from the death of the aircraft amounted to 1.4 billion dollars. Well, when no one dies during a disaster. A list of the "best" and most terrifying can be found in this article.
Accident of Exxon Valdez tanker
Often, man-made disasters not only lead to casualties and damage to infrastructure, but also cause major environmental pollution, causing great damage to the environment.
In the spring of 1989 in Alaska, an oil-laden tanker collided with a rocky reef and got a hole through which oil and other toxic substances got into the water.
The researchers found that as a resultThe disaster affected the biocenosis of the adjacent aquatic area. The number of commercial fish species has decreased. Full restoration of ecology will take several decades.
The accident on the platform for the extraction of oil Piper Alpha
In the summer of 1988 on this oil platformthere was a strong gas explosion that led to the death of almost 200 people. A large number of victims is partly due to the human factor - poorly coordinated work of the personnel and late actions. Despite the fact that production was stopped immediately after the explosion on the platform, oil and gas continued to flow through a common network from other platforms that were not stopped. As a result, the fire could not be extinguished.
The total damage amounted to at least 3.4 billion dollars.
The explosion of the shuttle shuttle "Challenger"
This accident is a black spot in the history of American space exploration. In the winter of 1986, almost a minute after the launch, the shuttle with astronauts crashed. All seven crew members died.
A technical malfunction of the solid-fuel accelerator system led to the explosion. Prior to this, the shuttle launched nine times successfully from the ground.
The total damage caused by the disaster exceeded $ 2 billion. Now you can imagine what a catastrophe is and what scale it can reach.
Accident tanker Prestige
In 2002, the design of the tanker Prestige indifficult weather conditions cracked, resulting in a flow of oil into the open waters. When attempting to tow a tanker, it broke down into two parts and sank, with the result that all the oil transported turned out to be in the sea.
There was a huge damage to the biocenosis.Over 300 thousand birds died, the population of fish has sharply decreased. Water purification required about 12 billion dollars. Year of disasters is important, as scientists establish the impact of oil on life in this area.
The death of the shuttle "Columbia"
In the winter of 2003, crashed reusableColumbia spacecraft with astronauts on board. As a result of the tragedy, all seven crew members died. The cause of the accident was a violation of the integrity of the skin on the wing of the shuttle.
The total damage from this man-made disaster exceeded $ 13 billion, excluding the cost of building a new shuttle.
Chernobyl Disaster
In the spring of 1986, the explosion at the fourthThe power unit of the Chernobyl NPP was disturbed by the plant, destruction of the reactor vessel and massive radioactive contamination of the territory. For many days after the accident, the liquidators could not cope with the leakage of radioactive substances and stop the ongoing nuclear reactions. Only through the involvement of many hundreds of specialists from all over the country who sacrificed their lives, was it possible to stop the further eruption of radioactive isotopes. The Chernobyl disaster is the tragedy of the entire planet.
The consequences of the accident have been felt by many countries:the blast wave went around the globe, and the radioactive cloud passed from Eastern Europe to the United States. About 200 thousand people were forced to migrate from the crash site.
The Chernobyl disaster is one of the largest technogenic accidents that occurred in peacetime.
The cause of the accident is the human factor -violation of safety and work regulations. She was remembered for its scale and horror. The whole city turned into a ghost because of elementary negligence. On this event, not one film was shot, each of which clearly shows what a catastrophe is.
