Life and work of Griboyedov (briefly)

A.S.Griboedov - the famous Russian playwright, a brilliant publicist, a successful diplomat, one of the smartest people of his time. In the history of world literature, he entered as the author of one work - the comedy "Woe from Wit." However, the creation of the famous play by Alexander Sergeevich is not limited. Everything that this person undertook, bears an imprint of unique endowments. His fate was decorated with extraordinary events. The life and work of Griboyedov will be briefly outlined in this article.

Childhood

Griboyedov Alexander Sergeevich was born in1795, January 4, in the city of Moscow. He was brought up in a wealthy and well-born family. His father, Sergei Ivanovich, was a retired second major at the time of the boy's birth. Alexandra's mother, Anastasia Fyodorovna, wore the same surname as her husband, Griboedova. The future writer grew up unusually developed child. In six years, he already owned three foreign languages. In his youth, he began to express himself easily in Italian, German, French and English. Dead languages ​​(ancient Greek and Latin) were also an open book for him. In 1803, the boy was sent to a noble boarding house at Moscow University, where he spent three years.

Youth

In 1806, Alexander Sergeevich enteredUniversity of Moscow. Two years later he became a candidate of verbal sciences. However, Griboyedov, whose life and work are described in this article, did not leave his studies. He entered first on the moral-political department, and then - on the physical and mathematical. The brilliant abilities of the young man were obvious to everyone. He could make a great career in science or in the diplomatic field, but war suddenly broke into his life.

Military service

In 1812, Alexander Sergeevich enteredvolunteer in the Moscow hussar regiment, commanded by Peter Ivanovich Saltykov. The young cornets of the most famous noble families became co-workers of the young man. Up to 1815, the writer was in military service. His first literary experiences date back to 1814. Griboedov’s creative work began with the essay “On Cavalry Reserves”, the comedy “Young Spouses” and “Letters from Brest-Litovsk to the Publisher”.

High life in the capital

In 1816 Alexander Sergeevich retired.Griboedov. The life and work of the writer began to develop in a completely different scenario. He met with A.S. Pushkin and V.K. Kuchelbecker, became the founder of the Masonic Lodge "Du Bien" and got a diplomatic service as a provincial secretary. In the period from 1815 to 1817, Alexander Sergeevich, in collaboration with friends, created several comedies: "Student", "Fake Infidelity", "His Family or Married Bride". Creativity Griboyedov not limited to dramatic experiences. He writes critical articles ("On the Analysis of the Free Translation of the Bürgerovskaya Ballad" Lenore ") and composes poems (" Lubochny Theater ").

On South

In 1818, Alexander Sergeevich refusedwork official diplomatic mission in the United States and was appointed secretary at the imperial attorney in Persia. Before the trip to Tehran, the playwright finished work on the play "Intermedia Samples". Griboedov, whose work was only gaining fame, began to keep traveling diaries on the way to Tiflis. These recordings revealed another facet of the writer's brilliant talent. He was the original author of ironic travel writing. In 1819, the work of Griboyedov was enriched with the poem "Forgive, Fatherland". At about the same time, he was finishing his work on a "Letter to the publisher from Tiflis of January 21". Diplomatic activity in Persia was very serious for Alexander Sergeyevich, and in 1821, due to his health, he moved to Georgia. Here he became close to Kuchelbecker and made the first rough sketches of the comedy “Woe from Wit”. In 1822, Griboedov began work on the drama "1812".

The Metropolitan Life

In 1823, Alexander Sergeevich managed totime to leave diplomatic service. He devoted his life to creating literary works: he continued to work on "Grief from the mind," composed the poem "David", the dramatic scene "The Youth of the Thing" and the cheerful vaudeville "Who is the brother, who is the sister, or Cheating by Deception". The work of Griboyedov, a brief description of which is presented in this article, was not limited to literary activity. In 1823, the first edition of his popular waltz "e-moll" was released. In addition, Alexander Sergeevich published discussion notes in the journal Desiderata. Here he argues with his contemporaries on Russian literature, history and geography.

"Woe from Wit"

In 1824, a great event in historyRussian drama. Finished work on the comedy "Woe from Wit" by A.S. Griboedov. The creativity of this talented person has forever remained in the memory of descendants precisely because of this work. The play’s bright and aphoristic style contributed to the fact that it completely “sold out for quotations”.

В комедии сочетаются элементы классицизма и innovative for the time of realism and romanticism. The merciless satire on the Moscow aristocratic society of the first half of the 19th century amazed with its wit. However, the comedy "Woe from Wit" was unconditionally accepted by the Russian public. From now on, everyone learned and appreciated Griboedov's literary work. A brief description of the play can not give a complete picture of the genius of this immortal work.

Back to the Caucasus

В 1825 году Александру Сергеевичу пришлось abandon the intention to go to Europe. The writer had to return to the service, and at the end of May he went to the Caucasus. There he learned Persian, Georgian, Turkish and Arabic. On the eve of a trip to the south, Griboyedov completed the translation of the fragment “Prologue in the Theater” from the tragedy Faust. He also managed to make notes on the work of D.I. Tsikulina "Unusual Adventures and Travels ...". On the way to the Caucasus, Alexander Sergeevich visited Kiev, where he talked with prominent figures of the revolutionary underground: A.Z. Muravyov, S.P. Trubetskim, M.P. Bestuzhev-Rumin. After that, I spent some time in the Crimea Griboedov. Creativity, a summary of which is presented in this article, has received a new development these days. The writer conceived the creation of an epic tragedy of baptism in Russia and constantly kept a travel diary, which was released only thirty years after the death of the author.

Sudden arrest

After returning to the Caucasus, Alexander Sergeevichwrote "Predators on Chegem" - a poem created under the impression of A.A. Velyaminova. However, another fateful event in the writer's life soon happened. In 1926, in January, he was arrested on suspicion of belonging to a secret society of the Decembrists. Under the threat were the freedom, life and work of Griboyedov. A brief study of the writer's biography gives an idea of ​​the incredible tension he has been in all these days. The investigation failed to find evidence of Alexander Sergeevich’s involvement in the revolutionary movement. Six months later, he was released from arrest. Despite the full rehabilitation, the writer was secretly observed for some time.

last years of life

In 1926, in September, A.S.Griboedov returned to Tiflis. He again engaged in diplomatic activities. Thanks to his efforts, Russia concluded a lucrative Turkmanchai peace treaty. Alexander Sergeevich himself delivered the text of the document to St. Petersburg, received the post of resident minister (ambassador) in Iran and departed for his destination. On the way he made a stop in Tiflis. There he met with the matured daughter of his friend - Nina Chavchavadze. Struck by the beauty of a young girl, the writer immediately made her an offer. He married Nina a few months later - on August 22, 1828. Alexander Sergeevich took his young wife with him to Persia. This gave the happy husband a few more weeks of marriage.

Tragic death

In Persia, Alexander Sergeevich had a hard time.work. He constantly visited Tehran, where he conducted diplomatic negotiations in a very tough way. The Russian emperor demanded implacable firmness from his ambassador. For this, the Persians called the diplomat "hard-hearted." This policy has brought its tragic results. In 1929, January 30, the Russian mission was destroyed by a mob of rebellious fanatics. Thirty-seven people died at the embassy. Among them was A.S. Griboedov. His torn body was subsequently only recognized by his left hand injured in his youth. So died one of the most talented people of his time.

Many literary projects did not have timecomplete griboedov. Creativity, a brief description of which is proposed in this article, is replete with unfinished works, talented sketches. You can understand what a talented writer Russia lost at that moment.

Table life and creativity Griboedov below.

Even an abbreviated sketch of life and workGriboyedov gives an idea of ​​how an extraordinary person was Alexander Sergeevich. His fate was short, but surprisingly fruitful. Until the end of his days, he was devoted to the Motherland and died defending its interests. Our country should be proud of such people.