The world's leading economists have long beenit is proved that the privatization of state or municipal property is a means of giving the country's economy effective development and becomes a reliable and effective bulwark for laying the foundation for a new economic society. The state in this case does not have to make additional expenditures from the budget of the country, as a rule, and so is not the best. All costs of the privatization process are borne by the potential owner. The only thing that is required from state bodies at this time is the timely development of a clear and understandable privatization mechanism, where from a legal point of view all privatization methods available to future owners will be stipulated.
Сегодня различные пути и способы приватизации в Russia acquired quite civilized outlines, and the whole process of transferring property from state structures to private hands is quite clear legislative in nature. After all, the privatization process itself began in the mid-1990s, when in the new Russian state only the initial methods of the emergence of the right of ownership were manifested.
The methods of privatization in our time have several main directions, supported by various legislative acts and documents. We give a list of privatization methods in Russia.
- Shareholding is a complex of economic andlegal measures for the transformation of the state enterprise into an open joint stock company. First of all, when carrying out this type of privatization, the number of shares to be alienated to private individuals is determined, with a further indication of the share of each owner in percentage and value terms, as well as the number of shares, and their distribution between state and private property.
- Redemption of property leased from the state. Such methods of privatization were common in the nineties in Russia at the dawn of privatization.
- Bankruptcy.One of the methods of privatization, carried out through the elimination of state-owned enterprises inefficient use. It is carried out, as a rule, with the subsequent sale to the new owner of all property. The purpose of such privatization is to protect creditors from unscrupulous debtors, represented by state enterprises. The mechanism is to eliminate the inefficient owner, until such time as he has not squandered all the property.
- Mortgage privatization.
- Commercial competition with social orinvestment conditions - this is privatization on a competitive basis, under the condition that the applicant for the acquisition of state property offers not only the highest price, but also assumes pre-specified investment and social obligations.
- Selling at auction.This method of privatization consists in the primary purchase of the right to purchase state property or shares, without specifying additional conditions, but only by offering the highest price. Property privatization auctions are open and closed.
When privatization in monetaryExpressions clearly formulated all the objectives of state policy in this area, which assumed a constant search for and compliance with rational proportions between the interests of the state budget and the new owners of enterprises being privatized.
The ultimate goal of privatization in our countrywas to carry out the process of privatization of the Russian economy, as a transition to primarily market-based mechanisms of production and government. As a result, the effective activity of enterprises has increased, the process of stabilizing the financial situation in the country has become stronger, a competitive environment has emerged in various sectors of the national economy.
