The development of a market economy in transitionrequires a whole range of measures to restructure the entire economy in order to make it more efficient and dynamic. One of the most important areas of such work is the privatization and privatization of property. Such events contribute to the emergence of new forms of organization of production activities in all sectors of the economy without exception.
As a rule, such an activity occurs quitepainful for the most diverse social groups of the population, and the fact is not even that denationalization and privatization presupposes the redistribution of property and rights to use it, in the course of their implementation the usual value reference points are often destroyed, the value systems change, the economic philosophy itself changes those populations that are involved in this process. It is precisely for this reason that privatization and privatization require the development of verified programs that will ensure the most optimal procedure for this socio-economic process. An important place in understanding the content of the necessary measures is the question of a clear understanding of the very content of the concepts of denationalization and privatization.
By denationalization in the widest sensethis concept needs to understand the system of measures for demonopolization of the economy and the rejection of the administrative-command strategy of its development with the aim of getting out on the path of forming a multi-structured economic mechanism developing according to the natural laws of a civilized market economy. The main thing in resolving this issue, as a rule, is holding events aimed at freeing the state from the possibility of totally and directly interfering in the economic process and completely managing it. As the world experience of the policy of denationalization shows, this activity represents the solution of two interrelated and interdependent tasks:
- transition from administrative-command management strategies to economic technologies based on the operation of economic laws;
- changing the content and forms of production and economic relations on the basis of its multi-structured and free development.
The process of denationalization involves the implementation of the following activities:
- creation of an effective non-state sector of the developing economy on the basis of the variety of types of economic entities;
- transformation and translation of enterprisesstate ownership on the path of effective development in a market economy, first of all - their release from the direct governing influence of the state with the help of administrative-command methods;
- privatization of a part of property directly in the hands of citizens - creation of a private sector of the economy.
Thus, already from this content it is clear thatDenationalization and privatization are systematically interrelated processes, where privatization acts as a structurally necessary element of the de-privatization policy.
In practice, privatization can be carried out andoutside the process of privatization, in this case, it is reduced only to the decentralization of the management of enterprises or a change in the form of ownership without changing the owner. As a rule, this privatization option is used for the recovery of the economy or its individual sectors.
One type of privatization is privatization.municipal property represents just such a case. It is held mainly for the purpose of attracting investments to the regions. In essence, this process is the transfer of ownership, long-term lease of land, enterprises, and infrastructure on the terms of their active participation in the development and modernization of the transferred economy.
Privatization of municipal propertysubjects are beneficial to both local authorities and entrepreneurs, which is why in some countries, including regions of Russia, free privatization programs are being implemented. Such a mechanism allows municipalities to get rid of objects that cannot be effectively used by them and still make a profit in case of a paid or obligatory privatization.
