What is a hydraulic distributor?

Гидравлические распределители представляют собой devices, the main function of which is to control the movement of fluid flows in the existing system, which is caused by the action of an external signal. Most often the regulating element of this system is executed in the form of a crane or a spool. The main purpose of such devices is to ensure the least effort necessary to switch, as well as minimize leaks and reduce losses in the amount of pressure in the event that the leak still occurs.

Распределитель гидравлический изготавливают из various grades of steel, modified cast iron and bronze by casting. Protection of structural elements is carried out by means of nitriding and cementing, which allows to provide the required technical conditions.

Classification of these devices is carried out inmainly in the form of regulating parts. In this regard, distinguish crane, valve, jet and spool systems. Let us consider some of them in more detail.

Крановый распределитель гидравлический получил most widespread. Such a system is characterized in that the main locking element, which is responsible for changing the flow of the working fluid, is the stopper of the crane. It can be conical, flat, spherical or cylindrical. The tightness of this design is due to the tight fit of the valve body and the plug itself. Often, such a hydraulic distributor is used in auxiliary systems.

Valve distributor differssimplicity of manufacture, reliable operation and a long period of use. The undoubted advantage of these systems is also their high level of tightness. Structurally, the flow of the working fluid is modified by alternately opening and closing certain valves. The hydraulic distributor can be equipped with a manual, electrical and mechanical drive, necessary for the movement of the gates.

Spool systems in turn possessa regulating element of a planar or cylindrical shape, which allows to change the flow of working fluid by means of axial displacements of the main structural part - the spool. The hydraulic distributor can be equipped with several internal channels in one housing, and also have one or more belts.

In addition to the basic classification, of course,there is an additional one, which allows us to distinguish between the hydraulic distributors by the ways of connection to the main system. There are three different designs: threaded, butt and flanged. Each of them is used in special cases and directly depends on the purpose of the distributor. In addition, the volume of the liquid passing through it also plays an important role. For example, spool valves are used in cases where it is necessary to redirect a large flow of working fluid, and crane, in turn, installed on systems with low consumption or used as an auxiliary equipment.